Forest Stewardship Council Certification does matter The Forest

Forest Stewardship Council Certification does matter! The Forest Stewardship Council from researchers’ perspective M. Karmann, A. Smith FSC International Center ® FSC, A. C. All rights reserved November 2009

Forest Stewardship Council FSC was established to… promote • environmentally appropriate, • socially beneficial, and • economically viable …management of the world's forests. ® FSC, A. C. All rights reserved 2

Forest Stewardship Council It does this through… ® FSC, A. C. All rights reserved • Setting standards that reflect agreed principles for responsible forest management • An accreditation/certification system that monitors adherence to FSC standards • A product labelling system that rewards responsible forest managers. 3

Forest Stewardship Council Forest Management certification … ® FSC, A. C. All rights reserved • Conformity with agreed principles for responsible forest management • Usually requires improvements / changes of forest management practices • Changes Corrective Actions Requests (CARs) • CARs monitored 4

Forest Stewardship Council Independent Researchers’ Findings • Screening of 300 research papers in 2007 • Collection of studies (please: send what you have!) • Networking with researchers • Case studies, CAR analyses, experiments, . . . ® FSC, A. C. All rights reserved 5

Forest Stewardship Council Measuring contributions to FSC’s mission • Analysis of certified forest management units • Analysis of certification reports CARs • Case studies of FSC influence on the environment (incl. social, econonic issues) • Studying independent researchers‘ findings. ® FSC, A. C. All rights reserved 6

Forest Stewardship Council Environmentally, socially and economically appropriate … © 2001 Erik Goethals / FSC ® FSC, A. C. All rights reserved 7

Forest Stewardship Council CAR analyses: • Analysis of 129 FM certificates with 2099 CARS in 21 countries: • Main improvements: biodiversity and fm planning! ® FSC, A. C. All rights reserved FSC-SECR-0002 ® FSC, A. C. All rights reserved Presentation 18 December 2021 · 88

Forest Stewardship Council WWF, RA: Summary of findings • improved fm planning: inventories, monitoring, eval. ; • • eg: permanent sample plots improved silvicultural techniques; e. g. introduction of RIL introducing biodiv. conservation measures, incl. : • improved riparian and aquatic management • improved treatment of sensitive sites and HCVFs • improved treatment of threatened & endangered species • prohibition of GMOs and of avoidable use of toxics. ® FSC, A. C. All rights reserved 9

Forest Stewardship Council Rainforest Alliance … “FSC certified operations with higher % of plantation area tend to have significantly larger strict reserve areas” (FSC Principle 10. 5) ® FSC, A. C. All rights reserved 10

Forest Stewardship Council Trans-boundary forest conservation WWF Malaysia (2007): Deramakot forest reserve - part of the “Heart of Borneo” secures forest corridor • for peoples socio-economic benefits • AND large tracts of forests for conservation of Borneo’s pygmy elephants, rhinos and orangutans. ® FSC, A. C. All rights reserved 11

Forest Stewardship Council Maya Biosphere Reserve Fire incidences from 1998 to 2007 in FSC concessions: from 6. 5 % to 0. 1% Rest of the reserve: 7 - 20%. Aver. annual deforestation rate btw 2002 -2007: in FSC concession significantly lower than within protected areas where harvesting of wood and NTFP is prohibited! ® FSC, A. C. All rights reserved 12

Forest Stewardship Council FSC Principle 4: Workers 4. 2 FM should meet or exceed all applicable laws and/or regulations covering health and safety of employees and their families. 4. 3 The rights of workers to organize and voluntarily negotiate with their employers shall be guaranteed (ILO 87 and 98). 4. 4 Management planning and operations shall incorporate the results of evaluations of social impact. Consultations shall be maintained with people and groups directly affected by management operations. ” ® FSC, A. C. All rights reserved 13

Forest Stewardship Council WWF 2005 … “FSC certification has led to improvements across all 6 countries in • implementation of H&S legislation: § provision of better equipment & training § use of safety procedures § properly qualified forest workers § formal job training increased. • Employment of local people favored. • Rural development strengthened through involvement & participation of neighbors, local stakeholders & communities in forest planning & decision making. ” ® FSC, A. C. All rights reserved 14

Forest Stewardship Council NELSON Forest Peoples Programme 2006 “… particularly in Kabo concession, CIB is implementing a wide range of far-reaching measures designed to comply with FSC Criteria under P 2 & 3. Implementation P 2&3 by CIB represents a significant advance in the protection of indigenous peoples’ rights in the Rep. of Congo and the region generally, and sets a new high standard forestry in the Congo Basin. ” ® FSC, A. C. All rights reserved 15

Forest Stewardship Council Cashore, Auld & Newsom 2004 “The influence of the FSC on SFM is not simply through its own rule development, but also on the impact it has had on the way competing programs develop their decision making processes and their procedural and substantive rules (…). ” ® FSC, A. C. All rights reserved 16

Forest Stewardship Council Carey & Guttenstein 2008 “In Bolivia, the government recognizes FSC standards to protect its threatened tropical forests and improve natural resource management in its forest sector. In Canada, (…) specify the FSC standard in their public procurement policies. China has integrated FSC standards in its National Forest Strategy. Denmark, Japan, New Zealand, Bolivia* and Guatemala* governments accept FSC as proof of sustainability & legality for timber in their public procurement policy. (* standard is not named. ) ® FSC, A. C. All rights reserved 17

Forest Stewardship Council FSC Charles de Gaulle Str. 5 53113 Bonn Germany THANK YOU T +49 (0) 228 367 66 0 F +49 (0) 228 367 66 30 email: fsc@fsc. org Website: www. fsc. org ® FSC, A. C. All rights reserved 18

Forest Stewardship Council Integrated pest management Example FSC Germany Criteria & Indicator 6. 6. 2 • “In principle, chemical biocides and biological control agents are not used. • Exceptions are official pest-control orders. • certifier is notified prior to the. . application. • rationale for the use of biocide is provided • application is documented for review. • Where alternatives exist, biological control agents (eg. BT-preparations) are preferred. (…) • Wood which has been treated with chemical biocides may only be marketed as FSC-certified after six months …. . ” ® FSC, A. C. All rights reserved 19

Forest Stewardship Council It does this through… a market driven mechanism to improve forest management worldwide. ® FSC, A. C. All rights reserved 20

Forest Stewardship Council Cross- cutting themes • Forest certification in the endangered tropical • forests of the economic south ® FSC, A. C. All rights reserved • • For small forest owners • including ecosystem services Growing the market share for FSC certified products, 21

Forest Stewardship Council Our vision The world’s forests meet the social, ecological, and economic rights and needs of the present generation without compromising those of future generations. ® FSC, A. C. All rights reserved 22