FOREIGN POLICY POSTCOLD WAR SWBAT Explain postCold War

FOREIGN POLICY POST-COLD WAR SWBAT: Explain post-Cold War U. S. foreign policy (interventionist) & efforts to end terrorism

DO NOW On the “Unit 9 Important Dates Timeline” place “FP” next to any event that is connected to U. S. foreign policy

INTERVENTIONIST FOREIGN POLICY How did Reagan assert US opposition to communism? § Speeches - “Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall”; “Evil Empire” § Limited military interventions - overthrow of the government in Grenada § Buildup of nuclear & conventional weapons ICBMs, Strategic Defense Initiative - “Star Wars”

WHY DID THE COLD WAR BEGIN TO END? Increased U. S. military spending §Buildup of ICBMs Reagan’s diplomatic initiatives (aka ? ) §Relationship with Mikhail Gorbachev Political & economic issues in Eastern Europe & Soviet Union §Gorbachev’s glasnost & perestroika (“openness”)

END OF COLD WAR IMPACTS New diplomatic relationships - expansion of NATO Peacekeeping interventions - Iraq in 1991, bombings in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Arms reduction by both superpowers Debates over America’s role in the world could be connected to foreign policy pre and post-WWII

U. S. PRESENCE IN MIDDLE EAST 1947 -2010

WAR ON TERRORISM “Following the attacks of September 11, 2001, U. S. foreign policy efforts focused on fighting terrorism around the world. ” Attacks on 9/11 § Al-Qaeda led attack on US - World Trade Center, Pentagon, and in PA Conflict in Afghanistan § Response to the Taliban holding Osama bin Laden lengthy conflict Conflict in Iraq § US-led conflict against Saddam Hussein suspected WMDs & connections to terrorism

WAR ON TERRORISM Guantànamo (“Gitmo”) Detention Center § Set up at naval base in Cuba for people captured in Afghanistan or otherwise accused of terrorism (January 2002) § Over 770 detained, 80 remain § Right to choose a lawyer & see evidence do not apply § American citizens denied a lawyer if declared “enemy combatants” § Warning to Americans: “watch what you say”

WAR ON TERRORISM Airport security changes: § Improved security on aircraft (cockpit doors) § Improved security screening (individuals & baggage) § Identification checks Boston Marathon bombing and manhunt

IMPACTS OF THE WAR ON TERRORISM Hoped to improve security in the US Raised questions about protection of civil liberties & human rights § Civil Liberties - Patriot Act, increases power of the federal government to wiretap Uniting and Strengthening without warrant America by Providing § “Roving wiretap”Appropriate - focuses Tools on the person, Required to not the device Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001 § Edward Snowden

AMERICAN POLICY SINCE 9/11 Bush “Bush Doctrine”America commits to a war against terrorism USA PATRIOT Act Obama “New Beginning”pledge to emphasize diplomacy, not war v Was Iraq another Vietnam for the U. S. ? v How did the war on terror expand the powers of the president?

ENVIRONMENTAL DEBATES Debates over fossil fuels & environmental impacts: § Caused by: § Conflict in the Middle East - 1 st Gulf War - 1991 § Concerns about Climate Change - An Inconvenient Truth

WRAP UP How did Ronald Reagan interact with the Soviet Union in the 1980 s? What led to the “war on terror” and what were its impacts domestically & internationally? Complete “Contextualization & Synthesis: September 11, 2001” President Bush announcing May 10, 2003, the end of combat operations in Iraq… ?

TEST TIPS Multiple-Choice and Short Answer § US-Soviet Relations - especially w/ Gorbachev § US in post-Cold War world Essay Topics: § Not exclusively on this time period § Part of bigger theme § Cold War policy - End of the War § Civil Liberties post-WWII - Present § Foreign policy post WWII - debates/changes