Foreign Object Detection in Food XRay Detectable XDTect

Foreign Object Detection in Food. X-Ray Detectable (X-DTect)™ Confectionery Starch Trays DAILENE OSBORN / JOHN THOMPSON MOLDED FIBER GLASS TRAY COMPANY LINESVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA USA OCTOBER 25, 2017

INTRODUCTION • MFG Tray Company was established in 1952 • MFG Tray Company is the pioneer and leading producer of composite confectionery starch trays for over 45 years • MFG composite starch trays are durable and long lasting. It is not uncommon to see trays in service for 25+ years • MFG Tray has over 75 existing starch tray models • These trays are constructed of Fiberglass Reinforced Thermoset Composite

MFG CONFECTIONERY STARCH TRAYS

INFORMATION COVERED • Regulations/Guidelines as they pertain to Foreign Object Contamination • Methods used to detect foreign objects • Why an X-ray detection compound • Specific Detection Equipment used to collect data • Results • Summary

REGULATIONS ON FOREIGN OBJECTS IN FOOD • Food and Drug Administration (FDA) • Food Safety Modernization Act-2011 (FSMA) The focus becomes more about prevention • Importing food regulations • Intentional adulteration to food • They consider a product adulterated if any object is found between the size of 7 mm and 25 mm in length • The FDA analyzed data and found that objects less than 7 mm could harm special groups such as babies, elderly and recent surgical patients •

REGULATIONS ON FOREIGN OBJECTS IN FOOD • The European Union references • HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points) concept • Analysis and control of biological, chemical and physical hazards in each step of the manufacturing process from raw material to distribution and consumption of the finished product • Good Manufacturing Practices

METHODS OF DETECTION • Metal Detection- designed to detect metallic objects only • X-Ray Detection- designed to detect metal, stone, glass, some plastic and bone • Near-Field Radar- designed to detect wood, plastic, bone, stone, nut kernels, starch lumps. (for emulsion and pump able food products only)

METHODS OF DETECTION – METAL DETECTION • MFG developed a metal detectable confectionary starch tray • Pack First Inc. evaluated the compound and was able to detect a 25 mm 2 x 2. 5 mm thick sample • Cost was prohibitive • Evaluate X-Ray Detection

METHODS OF DETECTIONX-RAY DETECTION • X-rays are invisible and are a form of electromagnetic radiation • The higher the density of the material the less the rays pass through • The images produced on the X-Ray equipment are on a gray scale. The lower the density the more the rays pass through, the higher the more the rays are absorbed • This means that the higher density component will be a darker gray

2 mm cubes

X-RAY DETECTIONMATERIAL DENSITIES • According to http: //hypertextbook. com titled “The Physics Factbook” the following objects have these densities. • • • Glass Steel Human bone Crushed stone Oak Wood 2. 4 - 2. 8 g/cm 3 7. 75 – 8. 05 g/cm 3 1. 9 g/cm 3 1. 6 g/cm 3 0. 6 – 0. 9 g/cm 3 • Our Compounds • • Current X-DTect 1. 88 g/cm 3 2. 14 g/cm 3

X-RAY DETECTIONDEVELOPMENT PROCESS • Develop a starch tray compound that could be detected by X-Ray. • Determine the highest detection limit on the smallest size object • Evaluate the compound properties and compare them to our current compound • Must pass the EU 10/2011 Regulation for Confectionery Products

cm

X-RAY DETECTIONEQUIPMENT • MFG Tray tested material using 2 different suppliers of X-Ray Detecting Equipment • Mettler Toledo Safeline X 33 - First Pack Inc. • Initial Screening of compounds • Wipotec SC 3000 C - OCS Checkweighers • More in-depth analysis

X-RAY DETECTIONMETTLER TOLEDO SAFELINE X 33 § Samples ranged from 2 mm 3 to 6. 5 mm 3 of both the detectable compound and our current compound § All samples were detected using “gummi's” as the “carrier” § All sizes of the X-DTect compound were detected § Our standard compound was not detected at any of these sizes

X-RAY DETECTIONWIPOTEC SC 3000 C • Tested our standard compound with sizes ranging from 1. 0 mm 3 to 16 mm 3 to see what size, if any, could be detected • Tested the X-DTect compound with sizes ranging from 1. 0 mm 3 to 6. 5 mm 3 • Probability of Detection- How many times a sample is detected as it relates to the number of cycles run

RESULTS – PROBABLITY OF DETECTION Size Control 1. 0 2. 0 3. 1 4. 5 5. 4 6. 5 mm 3 mm 3 0% 0% 10% 48% 92% 8 mm 3 12 mm 3 16 mm 3 100% no no no X-DTect 86% 98% 100% sample

COMPOUND PROPERTIESSTARCH TRAYS PROPERTIES STANDARD COMPOUND X-DTECT COMPOUND Tensile Strength (MPa) 46 50 Tensile Modulus (MPa) 9, 800 11, 500 Flex Strength (MPa) 136 107 Flex Modulus (MPa) 9, 080 6, 380 Notched Izod Impact, J/m 397 435 Water Absorption (%) . 31 . 23 1. 88 2. 14 PASS Specific Gravity Overall Migration Testingaccordance with BS EN ISO 1186 and Commission Regulation No. 10/2011 as amended for Confectionary Products

SUMMARY • MFG Tray Company developed a confectionery starch tray compound that can be X-Ray detected with a 98% probability of being seen down to 2. 0 mm 3 • This compound can also be detected with a 100% probability of being seen at 3. 1 mm 3 • It passes the EU 10/2011 Overall Migration specification • The compound is currently patent pending

THANK YOU • We would like to thank ZDS SWEET TEC for the opportunity to present here today • Mr. Charles Guest from Prembar who made the arrangements for us to be here • To Jeff Musser from Pack First and Torsten Götzmann from OCS Checkweighers for their testing services