Forced Induction Engines Luke Tracy Introduction Internal combustion

Forced Induction Engines Luke Tracy

Introduction: Internal combustion engine • Combustion • Fuel + air • Occurs in combustion chamber • Energy moves the parts of engine and car • Piston and crankshaft

Combustion Process • Intake – Combustible mixture of air to fuel is placed in the combustion chamber. • Compression – The mixture of air and fuel is compressed and placed under pressure. • Combustion - The hot mixture is expanded, pressing on and moving parts of the engine and performing useful work. • Exhaust – The cooled combusted products are released.

Naturally Aspirated Engines • • Internal combustion engine that does not use forced induction Problems • • Air to fuel ratio Must use big displacement engines for more power/performance. • • Lower gas mileage Increase emissions

Forced Induction Engine • Forced induction – Use of a gas compressor in the air intake to increase the air/fuel ratio. • Increases power without increasing displacement • Higher performance • Better gas mileage • Better emissions

Forced Induction Engine Cont. . • Forced Induction accomplished by use of either a supercharger or turbocharger • Both use same basic idea and principal to compress and force air into the cylinder. • Increases combustable air (oxygen) = more power

Supercharger 1. 2. 3. Driven by an accessory belt wrapped around a pulley which rotates drive gear. The drive gear rotates the compressor gear. Compressor draws in air, compresses it into a smaller space, and releases it.

Turbocharger • Powered by the mass-flow of exhaust gases driving a turbine. • Turbine compresses and forces air into cylinder.

Naturally Aspirated(N/A) vs. Forced Induction Model Engine HP/TQ MPG HWY/CITY 2000 Audi A 4 2. 8 L V 6 N/A 150 hp/207 ftlb 24/16 2000 Audi S 4 2. 7 L V 6 Biturbo 250 hp/258 ftlb 22/15 2006 Audi S 4 4. 2 L V 8 N/A 340 hp/302 ftlb 21/16 2008 Nissan GTR 3. 8 L V 6 Bi. Turbo 480 hp/430 ftlb 21/16 2008 Ferrari F 430 4. 3 L V 8 N/A 483 hp/343 ftlb 16/11

Negatives • More expensive • R&D • Hardware is expensive • Turbochargers • Superchargers • Intercoolers • More prone to failure • Maintenance

Resources • Fueleconomy. gov 2008. 17 Nov, 2008. http: //fueleconomy. gov/ • Harris, William. “How Superchargers Work”. How Stuff Works 2008. 17 Nov. 2008. http: //auto. howstuffworks. com/superch arger. htm • “Internal-combustion engine”. 2008 Encyclopedia Britannica Online. 17 Nov. 2008 <http: //www. britannica. com/EBchecked/ topic/290504/internalcombustionengine>.