Foot and Mouth Disease Vaccination What livestock producers

Foot and Mouth Disease Vaccination What livestock producers need to know

What This Video Will Cover • Why FMD vaccines might be used in future outbreaks • Challenges of FMD vaccination • How biosecurity and vaccination work together Uruguay farmer administering FMD vaccine in 2001 outbreak

Foot and Mouth Disease Virus • • Harmless to people Most contagious disease virus of cloven hooved livestock Rarely kills adult animals, but dramatic losses in production The major animal disease preventing global trade of animals and products FMD Virus Foot of Pig with FMD

FMD Control Methods No treatment for Foot and Mouth Disease Quarantine herds Test for disease presence Depopulation Useful for small outbreaks FMD Outbreak, UK, 2001

FMD Vaccination in an Outbreak Size of FMD Outbreak Type 1: Focal FMD Outbreak Type 2: Moderate Regional FMD Outbreak Type 3: Large Regional FMD Outbreak Type 4: Widespread or National FMD Outbreak Type 5: Catastrophic U. S. FMD Outbreak Type 6: Catastrophic North American FMD Outbreak Profound advantages using vaccination Response shifts from emphasis on depopulation to emphasis on alternate strategies

Advantages of FMD Vaccination: Protecting Animal Health • Reduces clinical disease • Increase resistance to infection • May slow the spread of the outbreak FMD Vaccination in South Korea, 2011

Advantages of FMD Vaccination: Reduced Economic and Environmental Impacts Heat. FMD Stress FMD Outbreak, Mortalities, Outbreak, South Western UK, Korea, 2001 US, 2010 2006

A Tale of Two Outbreaks Vaccination not implemented Country-wide vaccination program • 10 million animals depopulated • Only depopulated 7 thousand animals • Economic loss of 12 billion U. S. dollars • Economic loss of 400 million U. S. dollars

Challenges of FMD Vaccine? Brucellosis vaccination ? Pre-breeding vaccination

Disadvantages of FMD Vaccination: Restrictions on International Trade Dairy $7 billion in losses Beef $6. 3 billion in losses Pork $5. 6 billion in losses

Disadvantages of FMD Vaccination: Vaccine May Not Prevent Infection Repeated every 6 to 12 months Immunity Time

Disadvantages of FMD Vaccination: Different Strains of FMD Virus Need Different Vaccines 65 Different strains 23 Vaccines needed

Using FMD Vaccination in an outbreak: Delay in Vaccine Delivery Sufficient vaccine doses can take more than 3 months

Protecting Your Herd While Waiting for Vaccine UK farmers with good biosecurity procedures were 5 times less likely to become infected. Unpublished research: Carlisle Epidemiology Team, DEFRA UK 2001 Outbreak

Vaccination is Just One Tool FMD TOOLBOX

What Have We Learned? • Using only depopulation is not feasible except in small, localized outbreaks • Vaccination can help protect animals, slowing disease spread and limit economic losses • Different strain require different vaccines • Vaccine quantities may be limited • Biosecurity is most effective way to protect your herd FMD vaccination of swine Jeju Province, South Korea, 2011

Yes, You Can Protect Your Business Visit: http: //securefoodsupply. org For more information