Food Sources of Saturated Fat and Risk of
- Slides: 18
Food Sources of Saturated Fat and Risk of Heart Disease Dariush Mozaffarian, MD Dr. PH Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, BWH/HMS Department of Epidemiology, HSPH Saturated or Not: Does Type of Fat Matter? Harvard School of Public Health April 25, 2014
MUFA SFA PUFA ∆ HDL-C, mmol/L No Δ Apo. B PUFA ∆ Triglycerides, mmol/L SFA ∆ Total: HDL-C Ratio ∆ LDL-C, mmol/L Dietary Fats & Blood Lipids Meta-analysis of 60 feeding RCTs. Mensink & Katan, AJCN 2003 MUFA PUFA SFA MUFA PUFA
Dietary Fats & CHD Events Chowdury et al, Annals Intern Med 2014
Saturated Fat & CHD Events 16 prospective cohort studies from around the world No Significant Association Siri-Tarino et al, AJCN 2010 RR comparing extreme categories (highest vs. lowest) of saturated fat intake
Food Sources of Saturated Fat in the US Based on NHANES 2005 -06. From USDA Dietary Guidelines 2010
Food Sources: Meats & CHD Unprocessed Red Meat (100 g/d) RR = 1. 00 (0. 81, 1. 23) Processed Meat (50 g/d) RR = 1. 42 (1. 07, 1. 89) Micha et al. , Circulation 2010
Food Sources: Meats & CVD Mortality Total Red Meat RR = 1. 09 (0. 93, 1. 27) Processed Meat RR = 1. 17 (1. 02, 1. 33) O’Sullivan et al. , Am J Public Health 2013
Food Sources: Meats & CVD Mortality Among 448, 568 European men and women (EPIC), including 5, 556 CVD deaths Total Red Meat (100 g/d) RR = 1. 09 (1. 00, 1. 18) Processed Meat (100 g/d) RR = 1. 69 (1. 37, 2. 10) Rohrmann et al. , BMC Medicine 2013
Food Sources: Dairy & CVD Mortality Milk RR = 0. 96 (0. 81, 1. 13) Cheese RR = 1. 00 (0. 81, 1. 24) O’Sullivan et al. , Am J Public Health 2013
Dairy Foods & Diabetes Among 340, 234 Europeans from 8 countries, with 12, 403 cases of incident diabetes P-trend=0. 50 RR of Diabetes P-trend=0. 06 P-trend=0. 01 Quintiles of Consumption Adjusted for age, sex, center, education, smoking, physical activity, alcohol intake, and consumption of fruits, vegetables, red meat, processed meat, sugar sweetened beverages, coffee, cereals, and cerearl products. Sluijis et al. , AJCN 2012
Healthy Diet Patterns & CVD Events Randomized controlled trial among 7447 Spanish adults at higher risk No change in saturated fat. HR = 0. 70 (0. 55, 0. 89) Estruch et al. NEJM 2013
Global Disease Burdens Due to Major Risk Factors in 2010 Diet high in SFA & low in PUFA 0. 47 Lim et al, Lancet 2012
Healthy Food Replacements
Healthy Food Replacements
Healthy Food Replacements
Prioritizing Fat or Saturated Fat: Useful ?
Preventing Chronic Diseases: Food Patterns
Essential Dietary Habits for Health EAT: LIMIT: • Seafood • Fruits • Starches, refined grains, sugars • Nuts • Processed Meats • Vegetables • Sweetened Drinks • Vegetable Oils • Industrial Trans Fat * • Whole grains • Salt * • Yogurt Mozaffarian, Appel, & Van Horn. Circulation 2011 Also: Don’t smoke, turn off the TV, get enough sleep, and be physically active.