Food Security Food security means that every person

Food Security • Food security means that every person in a given area has daily access to enough nutritious food to have an active and healthy life – Often depends on government assistance

Chronic hunger and malnutrition • We need fairly large amounts of macronutrients (such as protein, carbohydrates, and fats) and smaller amounts of micronutrients (vitamins and iron, calcium, etc) • People who cannot grow or buy enough food to meet their basic needs suffer from chronic undernutrition

Chronic hunger and malnutrition • Most chronically undernourished children live in developing countries – Likely to suffer from mental retardation, stunted growth, infectious diseases such as measles and diarrhea

Chronic hunger and malnutrition • Malnutrition results from deficiencies of protein, calories, and other key nutrients – many poor live on low-protein, highcarbohydrate diets

Question 1 A high infant mortality rate is most often associated with a) a high standard of living. B) malnutrition c) balanced diets. D) a low incidence of infectious disease.

Good news on hunger • Since 1961, the average daily food intake person in the world rose sharply – Estimates of chronically undernourished or malnourished people feel from 918 million in 1970 to 852 million in 2005, about 95% of them in developing countries

Bad news on hunger • One in six people in developing countries (including about one of every 3 children younger than age 5) is chronically undernourished or malnourished • Every year, 6 million children die prematurely from undernutrition – An average of 16, 400 children die prematurely from these causes related to poverty

Hunger in the United States • In 2003, 35 million Americans (31 million in 1999) went hungry at times

The physiological effects of malnutrition • Too little iron causes anemia

Physiological effects • Iodine is essential for the thyroid gland, which produces hormones for metabolism – 600 million people suffer from goiter, and 26 million children suffer brain damage a year from lack of iodine

Physiological Effects • kwar

Question 2 Choose the correctly matched pair of terms. A. Undernutrition : Diabetes B. Overnutrition : Kwashiorkor C. Overnutrition : Anemia D. Malnutrition : Goiter

Famine • A famine occurs when there is a severe shortage of food in an area accompanied by mass starvation, many deaths, economic chaos, and social disruption – Often lead to mass migrations of people – Usually caused by crop failures from drought, flooding, war, and other catastrophic events

Solutions to hunger problems • ½ to 1/3 of nutrition-related childhood deaths could be prevented at an average annual cost of $5 -$10 – Immunizing children against childhood diseases – Encouraging breast-feeding – Preventing dehydration from diarrhea by giving a mixture of sugar and salt water – Preventing blindness by giving children a vitamin twice a year ($0. 75) – Fortifying common foods with vitamins – Increasing education for women

Hunger internet game • http: //www. freerice. com/