Food Safety and Agricultural Standards Challenges Opportunities for

Food Safety and Agricultural Standards Challenges & Opportunities for ACP exports Dr Andrew Graffham

Food Safety – International Trade 1 Step 15 Steps 9 km 12, 000 km

Challenge for ACP Exports Commodity & Who is involved • Livestock products, aquaculture & fruits and vegetables • Public sector, Private sector –large & small-scale

Livestock Products • Highest risk – highest level of public regulation • Almost impossible for many ACP • High level public investment, national / regional • Disease free area (cross border movement)

FRUITS & VEGETABLES AQUACULTURE Company Standards Generic Private Standards EU Regulatory framework SPS Agreement (WTO) CAC / IPPC / OIE

Issues for Public Sector • Effective “voice” • Limited resources • Dual systems • Proliferation of standards • Division of responsibility

Issues for Large-Scale Operations • Additional cost • Multiple standards for same system – BRC, IFS & SQF 2000 in one factory • Want harmonisation of private standards, mutual recognition • Inconsistent auditing

GLOBALGAP BIGGEST CHALLENGE IS FACED BY SMALLSCALE PRODUCERS NO GAP

Small-Scale Producers • Kenya – GLOBALGAP compliance = upgraded quality, productivity, technical knowledge, skilled labour, income, access to external support • Average costs: Establish € 1, 240 (€ 445), maintain € 800 (€ 110) per grower • Income: € 103 - € 1, 315 annum most in range € 210 – € 525 per annum

Key advantage of compliance with food standards? Building reputation for integrity of supply chain