Food Chains A series of events in which

• Food Chains • A series of events in which one organism eats another and obtains energy. • Food chains show the transfer of • What do food energy in an ecosystem chains show? • What do the arrows represent? • The arrows represent the transfer of energy.

• What do • Almost all Food Chains start with food chains start the sun with? • After the sun is an organism that ca • What type of organism is after the do photosynthesis. Like plants and sun? phytoplankton. • Describe photosynthesis. • Sunlight + Carbon Dioxide + Water = Energy – This process is called Photosynthesis

• Sample food chains: • Sun →milkweed → aphid →ladybug →bird → mushroom • Sun → grass → zebra → lion → vulture • Sun → seeds →grasshopper→ mouse → hawk

Food Chains A food chain shows what is eaten and the direction that energy is travelling. The fly is eaten by the thrush.

Food Chains A food chain shows what is eaten and the direction that energy is travelling. The lettuce is eaten by the rabbit.

The lettuce is eaten by the slug, the slug is eaten by the bird.

Video Clip

• Producers Flowers Phytoplankton • An organism that can make its own food , through a process called photosynthesis. Producers are the source of all food in an ecosystem. Without producers there is no food chain. Tree

• Decomposers • Organisms that break down wastes and dead organisms and return the raw materials to the environment. • Two major groups of decomposers are: – Bacteria – Fungi. Decomposer Video Clip

fungus bacteria Donut Decomposition Rabbit decomposition time-lapse

• Consumers • An organism that obtains energy by feeding on other organisms. • Ex: Deer, Humans, Snakes, Bat, Cat, Hippopotamus, Cricket, Rabbit • 3 types of Consumers • Herbivores, Omnivores and Carnivores

A Basic Food Chain Plants absorb light from the sun, which is turned into energy to grow. We call these producers. The vegetarian animals eat the plants, they are called primary consumers. Secondary consumers prey on primary consumers.

Sun Producer Primary Secondary Consumer Tertiary Consumer

Pair Share Partner A: Look to your partner and tell them the 3 types of energy levels? Partner B: Look at your partner and describe a producer and give an example. Partner A: Look at your partner and describe a consumer and give an example. Partner B: Look at your partner and describe a decomposer and give an example.

• Sample food • Sun →milkweed → aphid →ladybug chains with producer 1 consumer 2 consumer energy roles →bird → mushroom labeled: 3 consumer Decomposer • Sun → grass → zebra → lion → vulture produce 1 consumer 2 consumer 3 con • Sun → seeds → grasshopper→ mouse → producer 1 consumer hawk 3 consumer Video Clip 2 /Prod/Cons Video 2 consumer

• 3 types of consumers • Carnivores • Herbivores, Carnivores, and Omnivores • Consumers that eat ONLY other consumers. ( Meat -Eaters) • Ex: T-rex, Tigers, Lions, Ladybugs, Spiders.

• Herbivores are consumers that eat only producers. (plant eaters) • Ex: Butterflies, deer, elephants, giraffes, rabbit.

• Omnivores • Consumers that eat BOTH consumers and producers. (both meat eaters and plant eaters) • Ex. Humans, Bearded Dragons, Turtles, Bears.

• Sample • Sun →milkweed → aphid →ladybug food producer 1 consumer 2 consumer chains herbivore Carnivore with →bird → mushroom energy 3 consumer Decomposer roles Omnivore labeled: • Sun → grass → zebra → lion → vulture produce 1 consumer 2 con 3 con herbivore carnivore

A pig eats fruit, eggs, corn, and earthworms. Omnivore

: A frog eats insects, earthworms, and spiders. Carnivore/ Insectivore

eats grass, leaves, twigs, and shrub Herbivore

A raccoon eats almost anything including berries, acorns, baby mice, baby birds & eggs, frogs, fish, and even some snakes. Omnivore

Spiders eat insects. Carnivore/ Insectivore

A giraffe lives in Africa and eats leaves from trees. A giraffe may eat 75 pounds of food each day. Herbivore

A wolf eats deer, dogs, fish, mice, moose, birds, and other herbivores. Carnivore

Rabbits eat grasses, weeds, leaves, shoots, twigs, and bark. Herbivore

Lions eat other animals such as gazelles, antelopes, and zebras. Carnivore

Sheep eat grass and hay. Herbivore

Eagles eat fish, mammals, birds, and snakes. They love fish! Carnivore

Eats grass and hay Herbivore

Eats corn, twigs, shoots, acorns, fruit, berries, green plants Herbivore

A grizzly bear usually eat things such as grasses, roots, berries, insects, fish, and small and large mammals. Omnivore

Humans Omnivore

Eat 150 pounds of plants each day Herbivore

Scavenger • Scavengers are animals that eat dead animals • Scavengers open up animal bodies so they can eat them.

Pair Share Partner A: Look to your partner and tell them the 3 types of Consumers? Partner B: Look at your partner and describe a herbivore and give an example. Partner A: Look at your partner and describe a omnivore and give an example. Partner B: Look at your partner and describe a carnivore and give an example.

• Food Webs • A Food Web consists of many overlapping food chains in an ecosystem. • It better represents the transfer of energy than a food chain.

Pair Share • Partner A tell your partner what a food web is. • Partner B explain the difference between a food web and a food chain.

• Energy Pyramid • An Energy Pyramid shows the amount of energy that moves from one feeding level to another in a food web. The most energy is at the producer level. At each level there is less available energy. • Energy Pyramid Video Clip

An energy pyramid shows the distribution of energy. Most energy is lost as you go up the pyramid. tertiary consumers secondary consumers primary consumers producers 5 Carnivores/ Omnivores (Tertiary Consumers) 5000 Carnivores/ Omnivores (Secondary Consumers) 500, 000 Omnivores Herbivores/ (Primary Consumers) Producers 5, 000

An energy pyramid from the Andrews 1 Kcal 1000 Kcal 10, 000 Kcal 3 rd level consumers mostly carnivores & some omnivores 2 nd level consumer carnivores & omnivores 1 st level consumer herbivores Producers: green plants make their own energy from sunlight

Pair Share • Discuss with your partner what a energy pyramid is. • Together make a new energy pyramid and write it on your notes.