FOOD AND NUTRITION MINERALS Grade 11 Term 2

FOOD AND NUTRITION MINERALS Grade 11 Term 2 Week 2 Lesson 1

General functions of minerals � 4% of body’s weight is composed of 22 elements called minerals �form part of enzymes, hormones and vitamins �found in muscle, connective tissue and body fluids

�actively involved in metabolism, during which they form important parts of enzymes. �structure the body by forming bones and teeth. �body needs it to synthesize glycogen from glucose, fats from fatty acids and protein from amino acids

Classification of minerals Divided into two groups: �Macro-minerals – needed in relatively large quantities (more than 100 mg per day) - Examples are calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium and potassium. �Micro-minerals – needed in smaller quantities (less than 20 mg per day). - Also known as trace elements and include iodine, iron, fluoride, zinc and manganese.

Functions and sources of minerals �Each mineral has a specific function and is found in certain foods �Include enough calcium, iron and iodine in your diet and there will be an adequate supply of most of the other minerals

Did you know? �The two minerals most lacking in the diet are calcium and iron �Food fortification is the addition of micro-nutrients (vitamins and minerals) to food

Did you know? �Supplementation is something that is added to make up for a deficiency. Taking a dietary supplement in addition to eating a normal diet. �Toxicity is the degree to which a substance is poisonous