Focal Area Strategies Biodiversity International Waters Chemical Management

Focal Area Strategies – Biodiversity, International Waters, Chemical Management and Land Degradation GEF Expanded Constituency Workshop March 1 – 3, 2011 Belize City, Belize

Biodiversity Goal: the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity and the maintenance of ecosystem goods and services Convention on Biological Diversity

GEF Achievements in Biodiversity • • • $ 3. 1 billion invested, $8. 3 billion in cofinancing to support more than 1, 000 projects in 155 countries $1. 89 billion invested in the creation and management of protected areas Catalyzed the achievement of the target of 10% of the world’s terrestrial areas under protection: 2, 302 protected areas spanning 634 million hectares, 700 globally threatened species, 30 billion tons of stored carbon 40 conservation trust funds supported with $300 million Over 265 million hectares of productive landscapes and seascapes became biodiversity -friendly Largest financier of forests: $1. 5 billion supplemented by more than $4. 5 billion in cofinancing; more than 300 projects focusing on forest conservation and management Pioneer investor in payments for ecosystem services schemes Supported National Biosafety Frameworks in 123 countries Enabled participation by civil society through the GEF Small Grants Program and the Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund

5 Biodiversity Strategy Objectives 1) improve the sustainability of protected area systems • • Improve Sustainable Financing of Protected Area Systems: Expand Marine and Terrestrial Ecosystem Representation: Expand Threatened Species Representation: Improve Management Effectiveness of Existing Protected • • • Strengthen Policy and Regulatory Frameworks: Implement Invasive Alien Species Management Frameworks: Produce Biodiversity-friendly Goods and Services: • • • Single-country projects: Regional or sub-regional projects: Thematic projects: • • capacity building of governments for meeting their obligations under Article 15 of the CBD building capacity within key stakeholder groups • Enabling activity support could be provided for revising NBSAPs in line with the CBD’s new strategic plan implementation of guidance related to the Clearing House 2) mainstream biodiversity conservation and sustainable use into production landscapes/ seascapes and sectors 3) build capacity to implement the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety 4) build capacity on access to genetic resources and benefit-sharing 5) integrate CBD obligations into national planning processes through enabling activities •

Responds to Key Drivers of Biodiversity Loss

Biodiversity Portfolio Monitoring Goal: Conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity and the maintenance of ecosystem goods and services. Impacts: Biodiversity conserved and habitat maintained in national protected area systems. Conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity integrated into production landscapes and seascapes. Indicators: • Intact vegetative cover and degree of fragmentation in national protected area systems measured in hectares as recorded by remote sensing. • Intact vegetative cover and degree of fragmentation in production landscapes measured in hectares as recorded by remote sensing. • Coastal zone habitat (coral reef, mangroves, etc) intact in marine protected areas and productive seascapes measured in hectares

GEF International Waters Portfolio • GEF is largest investor in multi-country collective water & coastal management: $1. 2 billion GEF & $6. 1 billion co-financing. • 149 GEF recipient States cooperating with 23 non-recipient States on their shared water systems. • In working to reverse fisheries depletion, reduce water pollution, and balance conflicting water uses through IWRM, and protecting aquifers, GEF contributes to water, environment, and community security as well as regional integration. • GEF 5: Four strategic objectives approved; $US 440 million.

GEF 5 IW Objectives • Objective 1: Catalyze multi-state cooperation to balance conflicting water uses in transboundary surface and groundwater basins while considering climatic variability and change Further development and implementation of regional policies and measures identified in agreed SAPs Objective 2: Catalyze multi-state cooperation to rebuild marine fisheries and reduce pollution of coasts and Large Marine Ecosystems while considering climatic variability and change Implementation of SAPs with reforms and investments that produce results. Policy, legal, institutional reforms and multi-agency strategic partnerships Objective 3: Support foundational capacity building, portfolio learning, and targeted research needs for joint, ecosystembased management of trans-boundary water systems National inter-ministry committees would contribute to development of SAP, to establish or strengthen institutions for multi-state, collective management and subsequent action. systems Objective 4: Promote effective management of Marine Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction (ABNJ) develop and test technology and management arrangements for both pelagic and deep-sea environments and seamounts or help reduce tuna/other by-catch

GEF IW Ecosystem-Based Approach to Management at Multiple Scales Large Marine Ecosystem Scale (South China Sea LME-UNEP) Coastal Municipality/Provincial ICM scale (Da Nang, Vietnam - UNDP PEMSEA) River Basin Linkage Scale ( (GPA Mekong River Basin/delta - World Bank) Local Community-based Demo Sites (Phu Quoc Fish Refugia Vietnam- UNEP)

Monitoring & Evaluation Indicators for Tracking Results from Transboundary Water Projects Process indicators – Adoption of agreed processes & reforms regionally and nationally for particular sector • Stress Reduction indicators – Implementation of on-the-ground measures leading to reduced stress • Environmental/Water Resources Status indicators – Actual improvement in water resources/water environment/socio-economic conditions • Portfolio learning, experience sharing, KM (www. iwlearn. net) •

Chemicals Management

Chemicals Management • Brings together POPs, Ozone Depletion Substances and Sound Chemical Management for increased coherence • $425 million allocated to chemicals. The distribution of resources is as follows: POPs: $375 million Ozone: $25 million Sound chemicals management and mercury reduction: $25 million 13

Background to GEF Chemicals Management • GEF is the financial mechanism for the Stockholm Convention (SC) on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs). • GEF is the largest public funder for Chemicals management • 5 GEF agencies are active in POPs projects UNDP, UNEP, UNIDO, World Bank and FAO. • GEF supports implementation of the Montreal Protocol (MP) in Countries with Economies in Transition (CEITs). GEF widely credited with sharing the success of the MP so far with amounts phased out in Russia and CEITs roughly equivalent to amounts phased out in all developing countries. 14

POPs Outlook for GEF-5 • Increased attention to potential for synergies with other focal areas, in particular with climate mitigation and releases of un-intentionally produced POPs (dioxins). • Proposal to address chemicals in a more comprehensive manner, whilst keeping focus on mandate as financial mechanism to the Stockholm Convention. 15

Sound Chemicals Management Activities are intended to support synergistic interventions that generate multi-focal area benefits through projects that significantly contribute and produce positive impacts towards the fulfillment of obligations in relevant conventions (including Stockholm Convention, Convention on Biological Diversity, Convention to Combat Desertification, and others). 16

Mercury Reduction Demonstration of mercury reduction activities through Reducing mercury use and exposure in Artisanal and Smallscale Goal Mining (ASGM) Enhancing capacity for safe storage Reducing atmospheric emissions of mercury Improving data and scientific information at national level Managing wastes and contaminated sites 17

Land Degradation

GEF Achievements in Land Degradation • $ 340 million invested, $2. 4 billion in cofinancing to support more than 88 projects • The GEF has invested in more than 40 countries to deliver sustainable land management innovations in over 100 million hectares of production landscapes, mainly in drylands to support implementation of the UNCCD. • The portfolio includes more than $2 billion of regional development financing to benefit 28 countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (agriculture and food security), five countries in the Middle East and North Africa (integrated land water management), and five countries in Central Asia (dryland management).

Land Degradation Objective 1 & 2 Objective 1: MAINTAIN OR IMPROVE FLOWS OF AGRO-ECOSYSTEM SERVICES TO SUSTAIN LIVELIHOODS OF LOCAL COMMUNITIES. • • • Capacity development to improve decision making Improving community-based agricultural management including participatory decision making & gender-related issues. Building of technical and institutional capacities to monitor and reduce GHG emissions from agricultural activities. Objective 2: GENERATE SUSTAINABLE FLOWS OF FOREST ECOSYSTEM SERVICES IN ARID, SEMIARID AND SUB-HUMID ZONES, INCLUDING SUSTAINING LIVELIHOODS OF FORESTDEPENDENT PEOPLE • • • Capacity development: Forest policy and related legal and regulatory frameworks Sustainable management of forests and trees outside forests for timber and non-timber products. Reforestation and use of local species, including agro-forestry

Land Degradation Objective 3 & 4 Objective 3: REDUCE PRESSURES ON NATURAL RESOURCES FROM COMPETING LAND USES IN THE WIDER LANDSCAPE • • Capacity development to improve decision-making in management of production landscapes Developing innovative financing mechanisms such as Paying for ecosystems Services Improving management of agricultural activities within the vicinity of protected areas Integrated watershed management, including transboundary areas where SLM interventions can improve hydrological functions and services for agro-ecosystem productivity (crop and livestock). Objective 4 INCREASE CAPACITY TO APPLY ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT TOOLS IN SLM • • • Results-monitoring of UNCCD action programs Mainstreaming synergies and best practices for Natural Resource Management Development of guidelines and tools for assessing ecosystem stability, resilience and maintenance of regulating services

Strategies on www. thegef. org Biodiversity: http: //www. thegef. org/gef/sites/thegef. org/files/document/GEF-5_Bio_strategy. pdf International Waters: http: //www. thegef. org/gef/sites/thegef. org/files/document/GEF-5_IW_strategy. pdf Chemical Management: http: //www. thegef. org/gef/sites/thegef. org/files/document/GEF-5_POPs_strategy. pdf Land Degradation: http: //www. thegef. org/gef/sites/thegef. org/files/document/GEF-5_LD_strategy. pdf

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