FMOS Extremely Red Universe II Extremely Red Universe

FMOS で探る Extremely Red Universe II. Extremely Red Universe Probed with FMOS Toru Yamada

Suprime-Cam/UKIDSS DXS 10 deg 2 Imaging Survey Wide-field optical imaging at the two northern

UKIDSS DXS (→ Edge san’s talk) Northern Fields Lockman Hole ELIAS N 1 K<21

Suprime-Cam Wide-Field Imaging Survey I < 26 mag 10 deg 2 (40 FOV of

ERO / HERO selected in UKIDSS DXS ☆　Trivial targets for FMOS ☆　They may be:

Mannucci (2001) This works at z~1. 5 (But maybe not at z~2)

ERO / HERO selected in UKIDSS DXS IJK SED/photometric redshift e. g. , I-K>4

Passive Old Galaxies at 1 < z < 3 Model SED: Kodama et al.

Number Density and Spatial Distribution of Old Passive Galaxies Color Selection … Pure photometric

53 W 002 field Model: z(obs)=2. 4 Yamada et al. 2001 K=20 5 L*

Results at z~1 from SXDS R-z i-z w/ Kodama, Akiyama, Iye, Karoji, Noumaru, Sasaki,

1. 3度 XMM 100 ksec (center) 50 ksec x 6 Subaru Suprime Cam 1.

SXDS z’-band selected objects Color distribution Z-selected objects 0. 8 < i-z < 1.

Old Passive Galaxies in SXDS Field (z’AB<23)

Redshift Distribution of the Obejects Selected by Color Criteria For Old Passive Galaxies Z

Redshift Disribution Vs. magnitude and colors 5 L*, zf=5 5 L*, zf=3

FMOS 10 h simulated spectra for 1 Gyr Elliptical Observed at z=2 H=21 (K~20)

Finding Proto-Clusters at z=1 -3 Massive Clusters (or their high-z progenitors) Are Rare !

Proto-cluster seen in Lyα Emission Line emitters Ø 2 x 10 -17 erg/s/cm 2

Selection of ‘extended’ Ｌｙα emitters (II) Matsuda, TY, et al. (2004) 35 objects !

Weak Lensing Cluster Search Umetsu et al.

Summary ☆　We are conducting Suprime-Cam/UKIDSS DXS 10 deg 2 Imaging Survey Two Northern Field

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FMOS で探る Extremely Red Universe II. Extremely Red Universe Probed with FMOS Toru Yamada (NAOJ)

Suprime-Cam/UKIDSS DXS 10 deg 2 Imaging Survey Wide-field optical imaging at the two northern DXS fields (Lockman Hole, ELIAS N 1) with Suprime-Cam w/ T. Futamase, M. Kajisawa, T. Kodama, H. Matsuhara, K. Ohta, K. Sekiguchi, Y. Taniguchi, K. Umetzu, and T. Wada and UKIDSS DXS team Targets for FMOS ☆　Extremely-Red Objects ☆　Multi-wavelength sample ☆　NIR-selected sample

UKIDSS DXS (→ Edge san’s talk) Northern Fields Lockman Hole ELIAS N 1 K<21 J<22. 5

Suprime-Cam Wide-Field Imaging Survey I < 26 mag 10 deg 2 (40 FOV of Scam ) 10 nights Lockman Hole (11 h) ELIAS N 1 Field Configuration: TBD Bkg: SWIRE

ERO / HERO selected in UKIDSS DXS ☆　Trivial targets for FMOS ☆　They may be: Old Passive Galaxies at z=1 -3 Dusty Star-Forming Galaxy at z > 1 Dusty AGN at High and Intermediate Redshift ~104 Dusty EROs

Mannucci (2001) This works at z~1. 5 (But maybe not at z~2)

ERO / HERO selected in UKIDSS DXS IJK SED/photometric redshift e. g. , I-K>4 (for K=21, I > 25 data is needed) J-K>2 ☆　Trivial targets for FMOS ☆　They may be: Old Passive Galaxies at z=1 -3 Dusty Star-Forming Galaxy at z > 1 Dusty AGN at High and Intermediate Redshift

Passive Old Galaxies at 1 < z < 3 Model SED: Kodama et al. (1998) Coma Metal Sequence models z=3 z=2 Conspicuous red colors at z=1 -3

Number Density and Spatial Distribution of Old Passive Galaxies Color Selection … Pure photometric easy to observe, easy to model Oldest galaxies are always Reddest at any redshift tracing morphological transformation is very difficult ★ Constraint for stellar formation epoch of the oldest galaxies ★ Study galaxy formation bias using the oldest galaxies ★ Search for massive clusters or their progenitors at z=1 -3 Wide Field … Fair sample of the universe Search for rare objects (massive clusters, ULIRG) High statistical accuracy FMOS … Confirmation/Calibration of Redshift Distribution

53 W 002 field Model: z(obs)=2. 4 Yamada et al. 2001 K=20 5 L* J-K=2 Franx et al. (2003) HDF-S Ks < 22. 5

Results at z~1 from SXDS R-z i-z w/ Kodama, Akiyama, Iye, Karoji, Noumaru, Sasaki, Simpson, SXDS team SXDS: B<28, R < 27, I< 26. 5, z<25. 5 (AB) 1. 2 sq. deg Redshift Z’ mag

1. 3度 XMM 100 ksec (center) 50 ksec x 6 Subaru Suprime Cam 1. 2 deg 2 B(28. ) V(26. ) R(27. ) I’(26. 5) z’(25. 5)

SXDS z’-band selected objects Color distribution Z-selected objects 0. 8 < i-z < 1. 2

Old Passive Galaxies in SXDS Field (z’AB<23)

Redshift Distribution of the Obejects Selected by Color Criteria For Old Passive Galaxies Z < 22 All

Redshift Disribution Vs. magnitude and colors 5 L*, zf=5 5 L*, zf=3

FMOS 10 h simulated spectra for 1 Gyr Elliptical Observed at z=2 H=21 (K~20) H=22 (K~21)

Finding Proto-Clusters at z=1 -3 Massive Clusters (or their high-z progenitors) Are Rare ! Lx ~ 2 x 1044 erg/s => 10 -7 Mpc-3 10 sq. deg. 1<z<3 ~10 clusters w/ Lx > 1044 erg/s at z=0 ~100 clusters w/ Lx > 1043 erg/s at z=0 Need Large Area ! Z=0 X-ray LF of clusters

Proto-cluster seen in Lyα Emission Line emitters Ø 2 x 10 -17 erg/s/cm 2 ØEWobs > 170 Å absorbers A sample of extended objects Suprime-Cam 7 h narrow-band imaging @497 nm Hayashino, Matsuda, Tamura, TY et al. 2004 ‘Proto-cluster’ at z=3. 1 (Steidel et al. 1998)

Selection of ‘extended’ Ｌｙα emitters (II) Matsuda, TY, et al. (2004) 35 objects ! Ø 16 arcsec 2 Ø>7σ in isophotal aperture robust ! d~30 kpc

S 00 blob 1 25” S 00 blob 2

Weak Lensing Cluster Search Umetsu et al.

Summary ☆　We are conducting Suprime-Cam/UKIDSS DXS 10 deg 2 Imaging Survey Two Northern Field (Lockman Hole, ELIAS N 1) 　　　1 st run 2 nights in March 2004 Scheduled 2 nd run 5 nights in April/May 2004 Proposed UKIDSS DXS J<22. 5 K<21 Subaru Suprime Cam I < 26 (z’<25 in the future) 　　 Unique sample of ERO (I-K>4) / HERO (J-K>2) => 104 dusty starbursts at z > 1 => Old Passive Galaxies at z=1 -3 FMOS Spectroscopy SF/AGN activities in dusty ERO/HERO Number density of old passive galaxies at z=1 -3 Identification of clusters/proto-clusters at z =1 -3