Fluoride in the dentistry Presented by Group J

Fluoride in the dentistry Presented by : Group J 1. Fatima tariq shamkhi 2. Noor alzahraa osama 3. Fatima adel mahmood 4. Amnaa sakban 5. Yasin hassan yasin

Advantages of fluoride: *Fluoride makes your teeth stronger fluoride is that it strengthens the teeth together with the enamel layer and makes them more solid and protects them by making the tooth more resistant to acid attacks from plaque bacteria and sugar in Mouth. *It is easy to incorporate fluoride into your routine *It is especially good for kids

fluoride ions reduce the speed of removal of metals from the enamel layer. Metal restoration occurs when the fluorine is in the oral cavity. And after the fluorine ingestion becomes less effect. There is initial reactions including fluorine ion to re-mineralize: Replacement of ionic ion between fluorine and hydroxide in apatite Ca 10 (PO 4) 6 (OH) 2 + 2 F- → Ca 10 (PO 4) 6 F 2 + 2 OH-

Damage of fluoride : Damage to the bone and teeth: that the increase of fluoride in the bone may cause poisoning , death and weakness of the bone increases the ability to break, as well as for the teeth. - Children should be given adequate doses of fluoride, especially during the period of the formation of teeth, the lack of fluoride may cause abnormalities in the formation of deciduous teeth and permanent and it’s cause dental fluorosis

WHAT dental fluorosis ? Dental fluorosis is a common disease is caused by excessive intake of fluoride during tooth development -Ingestion of water with a fluoride concentration two or three times greater than the recommended amount causes white flecks and chalky opaque areas on the tooth enamel. - Consumption of water containing four times the recommended amount of fluoride causes a brown pitted corroded appearance on the enamel surface

Dental plaque is a mass of bacteria that grows on surfaces within the mouth called “Streptococcus mutans “ it’s use sugar to produce acid to attack the teeth, and can lead to the secretion of acid repeatedly to damage the layer of enamel resulting in tooth decay. It is a sticky colorless deposit at first, but when it forms tartar, it is often brown or pale yellow. Fluoride enters the bacteria as it works to stop the secretion of any acid that attacks the teeth. And works to reconstruct the damaged tooth, which can restore the health and brightness as well

Streptococcus mutans

Thank you !!