FLORIDA HISTORY FLORIDA AND THE CIVIL WAR P

FLORIDA HISTORY

FLORIDA AND THE CIVIL WAR P. 44 • Not as affected by war as the rest of the South • Union controlled major ports (Anaconda) • Inland areas controlled by Conf.

RAIL, 1880 -1900 P. 106 • Fl. suppled wood for rail tracks • Henry Flagler developed east coast railway line from Jacksonville to Miami • Henry Plant developed rail line to Tampa, west coast • Encouraged growth of citrus industry

LATE 19 TH CENTURY P. 108 • Fl leads nation in exporting cattle • Commerce with Cuba helped Fl recover from 1870 s recession

LATE 19 TH CENTURY P. 124 • Immigration affected by both push and pull factors • Cuban immigrants both “pushed” by political upheaval and “pulled” by work in Fl, like cigar manufacturing.

SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR, 1898 P. 241 Cuban nationalist, Jose Marti, campaigned for Cuban independence and democracy in Cuban immigrant communities throughout the state. Emphasized brutality of Spanish rule.

RACE IN FL P. 316 • KKK, like much of the South and portions of the North, dominated Fl life. In 1923, the town of Rosewood was destroyed and its African-American citizens massacred. As many as 150 people were killed. • In 1993, the state paid $150, 000 to each of the nine survivors.

LITERATURE P. 326 Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings wrote novels and short stories about Fl countryside and its people. The Yearling won a Pulitzer Prize.

THE DEPRESSION P. 352 The Fl real estate boom reached its peak in the 20 s but busted when the 1926 hurricane struck Miami and the Mediterranean fruit fly devastated Fl produce in 1929.

THE NEW DEAL P. 386 About 40, 000 Floridians worked for the CCC planting trees, creating state parks, building schools, and many other structures as well as rebuilding the rail link from Miami to Key West

• • • Fed govt. expanded military installations and industries in Fl. About 250, 000 Floridians served in the war. Floridians organized the Mosquito Fleet to patrol coastal waters looking out for German submarines. WWII P. 444

POSTWAR P. 516 • 1940 -60, Fl population grew 46% • More jobs, higher wages, tourism contribute to boom • Space industry established at Cape Canaveral (aka Cape Kennedy); center of aeronautics, electrical engineering, and manufacturing.

COMMUNISM IN CUBA P. 600 After Fidel Castro’s revolution in Cuba, thousands of wealthy and middle-class Cubans fled their country, many settling in Miami and southern Fl.

GENDER EQUALITY P. 645 Gainesville Women for Equal Rights formed in 1963 by black and white women in reaction to the civil rights movement stressing the importance of women’s equality.

FIGHTING DISCRIMINATION THROUGH LITIGATION P. 653 In the 1950 s, the Seminoles filed land claim suits, leading to a settlement in 1976 in which they were awarded $16 million.

MARJORY STONEMAN DOUGLAS Wrote a book emphasizing the importance and beauty of the Everglades. Titled The Everglades, River of Grass (1947), it helped lead to the establishment of Everglades National Park. Douglas spent her life defending the Everglades ecosystem.

THE CHALLENGER, 1986 P. 708 Space shuttle Challenger exploded on liftoff killing seven astronauts, including schoolteacher Christa Mc. Auliffe. Space program technology from shuttle program: radial tires, portable cordless vacuum cleaner, and better fighting gear.

ELECTION OF 2000, P. 755 Fl. electoral votes determined the outcome between Bush and Gore. In Bush v. Gore, the Supreme Court ruled to halt the recount mandated by Fl. law and thereby awarded the state’s electoral votes to Bush.

AN AGING POPULATION, P. 772 With life expectancy increasing and the baby boom generation turning toward retirement, the burden on Social Security and Medicare has become especially intense. Particularly significant in Fl which has the largest number of senior citizens.

TRANSPORTATION TECHNOLOGY, P. 775 The high-speed train, Brightline, completed in 2017 to connect Orlando and Miami following the line first built by Henry Flagler almost a century ago.