FLAT ROLLING II Equipment for Flat Rolling Hot

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FLAT ROLLING II Equipment for Flat Rolling

FLAT ROLLING II Equipment for Flat Rolling

Hot Rolling Mill Fig. 16 – General layout of a large capacity hot strip

Hot Rolling Mill Fig. 16 – General layout of a large capacity hot strip mill (Sollac Fos sur Mer) FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment for Flat Rolling 2

Dofasco #2 Hot Strip Mill Coilers Runout Table Strip 1. 2 -16 mm thick

Dofasco #2 Hot Strip Mill Coilers Runout Table Strip 1. 2 -16 mm thick 508 -1600 mm wide Finishing Mill Rougher Transfer Bar ~30 mm FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment for Flat Rolling Reheat Furnaces Slab 216 mm 3

Advanced Hot Mills FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment for Flat Rolling 4

Advanced Hot Mills FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment for Flat Rolling 4

Gallatin Steel (CSP) FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment for Flat Rolling 5

Gallatin Steel (CSP) FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment for Flat Rolling 5

Thin Strip Casting FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment for Flat Rolling 6

Thin Strip Casting FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment for Flat Rolling 6

Reheating Furnaces Figure 3. 8 Walking beam furnace at SSAB, Domnarvet. Figure 3. 9

Reheating Furnaces Figure 3. 8 Walking beam furnace at SSAB, Domnarvet. Figure 3. 9 Evaporative cooling system on walking-beam furnace at SSAB, Domnarvet. FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment for Flat Rolling 7

Reheating Furnaces Figure 3. 7 Sketches illustrating operation of a walking-beam furnace FLAT ROLLING

Reheating Furnaces Figure 3. 7 Sketches illustrating operation of a walking-beam furnace FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment for Flat Rolling 8

Slab Reheating Figure 3. 5 Heating time as a function of slab thickness Figure

Slab Reheating Figure 3. 5 Heating time as a function of slab thickness Figure 3. 6 Furnace heating capacity as a function of slab thickness FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment for Flat Rolling 9

Hot Mill Layout Table 3. 3 Basic Data For 68 -Inch Hot Strip Mill

Hot Mill Layout Table 3. 3 Basic Data For 68 -Inch Hot Strip Mill Stand or Unit Stand Type Roll Sizes (in. ) Speed (fpm) Drive Power (hp) 2 -hi 46 48 x 68 250 220 1500 ac 4500 ac Back-passing provision hydraulic roll changing Second rougher with 33 inch vertical edger 2 -hi 48 x 68 220 4500 ac Space available for future back passing Third rougher with 33 inch vertical edger 4 -hi 42 & 56 x 68 330 8000 ac Gear drive and pinion stand. Gear type spindles and hydraulic roll changer Fourth rougher 4 -hi 42 & 56 x 68 330 dc drive for speed Foundations only for future installation Fifth rougher Crop shear Scale breaker 4 -hi 42 & 56 x 68 658 250/500 8000 ac Six finishing stands (F 1 F 6) 4 -hi 28 & 56 x 68 3240 out of F 6 7000 (each) Vertical edger First rougher Seventh stand 3740 out of F 7 Remarks Rapid work-roll changing electric loopers, AGC Future installation Two X-ray gages Width gage Runout table Two coilers 500 each FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment for Flat Rolling About 500 ft long 3 -blocker roll type 10

Roll Stack Bending system Four-high mill FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment for Flat Rolling

Roll Stack Bending system Four-high mill FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment for Flat Rolling 11

Mill Stand 4 high mill system in Mae West design FLAT ROLLING II -

Mill Stand 4 high mill system in Mae West design FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment for Flat Rolling 12

Mill Housing FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment for Flat Rolling 13

Mill Housing FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment for Flat Rolling 13

Mill Stand Figure No. 3 Mill Stand Elevation FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment for

Mill Stand Figure No. 3 Mill Stand Elevation FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment for Flat Rolling 14

Strip Edge Drop Edge drop compensation Elastic deformation of roll assembly under rolling condition

Strip Edge Drop Edge drop compensation Elastic deformation of roll assembly under rolling condition FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment for Flat Rolling 15

Strip Shape Calculation FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment for Flat Rolling 16

Strip Shape Calculation FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment for Flat Rolling 16

CVC Crown Control Continuously Variable Crown (CVC) FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment for Flat

CVC Crown Control Continuously Variable Crown (CVC) FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment for Flat Rolling 17

Pair Cross Mill Figure 7. 1 Construction of PC mill (Tsukamoto and Matsumoto) FLAT

Pair Cross Mill Figure 7. 1 Construction of PC mill (Tsukamoto and Matsumoto) FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment for Flat Rolling 18

Roll Bite Forces Physical Forces within the Roll Bite FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment

Roll Bite Forces Physical Forces within the Roll Bite FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment for Flat Rolling 19

Sims Diagram FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment for Flat Rolling 20

Sims Diagram FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment for Flat Rolling 20

Cold Mill Layout Typical layout and material flow of a cold rolling mill FLAT

Cold Mill Layout Typical layout and material flow of a cold rolling mill FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment for Flat Rolling 21

Pickling Line Table 6. 3 Design Characteristics of a Modern Pickling Line DIMENSIONS Strip

Pickling Line Table 6. 3 Design Characteristics of a Modern Pickling Line DIMENSIONS Strip thickness: 1 to 6 mm Strip width 1000 to 1850 mm Coil OD maximum: 2200 mm Coil ID entry: 620 to 850 mm Coil ID exit: 600 mm Coil weight: 39 tons FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment for Flat Rolling LINE SPEEDS Entry speed: 600 m/min Speed in pickling: 220 m/min Exit speed: 350 m/min Acceleration time: 10 Seconds Emergency stop: 5 seconds Line length: 200 meters 22

Cold Rolling Mill 4 -high reversing cold rolling and temper mill FLAT ROLLING II

Cold Rolling Mill 4 -high reversing cold rolling and temper mill FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment for Flat Rolling 23

Tandem Cold Mill Main equipment of tandem cold mill FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment

Tandem Cold Mill Main equipment of tandem cold mill FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment for Flat Rolling 24

Gauge Control Thickness control for tandem cold rolling mill FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment

Gauge Control Thickness control for tandem cold rolling mill FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment for Flat Rolling 25

Cleaning Line Figure 23. 1 Schematic arrangement of a typical electrolytic cleaning line FLAT

Cleaning Line Figure 23. 1 Schematic arrangement of a typical electrolytic cleaning line FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment for Flat Rolling 26

Batch Annealing Figure 23. 12 Time-temperature cycles Figure 23. 29 Single-stack coil-annealing furnace with

Batch Annealing Figure 23. 12 Time-temperature cycles Figure 23. 29 Single-stack coil-annealing furnace with base, fan, inner cover and fan coils with convectors (Rao et al. ). FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment for Flat Rolling 27

Al. N Precipitation During Coiling Role of Al. N precipitation during subsequent annealing: Batch

Al. N Precipitation During Coiling Role of Al. N precipitation during subsequent annealing: Batch annealing: Al. N precipitation during annealing preferred Continuous annealing: Al. N precipitation during coiling preferred FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment for Flat Rolling 28

Continuous Annealing FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment for Flat Rolling 29

Continuous Annealing FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment for Flat Rolling 29

Continuous Annealing Table 23. 19 Fukuyama Works No. 1 Continuous Annealing Line* Material Thickness

Continuous Annealing Table 23. 19 Fukuyama Works No. 1 Continuous Annealing Line* Material Thickness Width Entry and delivery coils ID and OD Weight Line speed (cold rolled strip) Entry section Furnace section Delivery section Cold rolled mild steel strip 0. 15 to 0. 8 mm 457 to 1067 mm Line speed (black plate for tinning) Entry section Furnace section Delivery section Capacity Cold rolled strip Black plate for tinning 572 m/min 457 m/min 572 m/min 508 x 2440 mm 32, 000 kg max 188 m/min 150 m/min 188 m/min 24 tonnes/hr (0. 6 mm x 800 mm) 44 tonnes/hr (0. 254 mm x 813 mm) Table 23. 20 Mechanical Properties, 0. 8 mm Strip Yield stress (kg/mm 2) Tensile strength (kg/mm 2) Elongation (%) Erichscn value (mm) r-value CCV, mm Continuous annealing Batch annealing 22. 0 32. 9 45. 0 10. 1 1. 51 37. 8 22. 2 32. 0 46. 5 10. 4 1. 26 37. 9 Table 23. 21 Properties of soft tinplate, 0. 32 mm thick *Note: Capacity for cold sheet can be increased through additional heat input of the accelerated over-aging zone. Yield stress (kg/mm 2) Yield point elongation (%) Tensile strength (kg/mm 2) Elongation (%) Erichscn value (mm) Hardness (hr 30 T) ATC (µA/cm 2) IYV (µg/3 in 2) PLT (s) FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment for Flat Rolling Continuous annealing Batch annealing 28. 1 2. 1 34. 3 36. 6 8. 9 54. 8 0. 02 3. 5 3 33. 0 5. 4 36. 4 37. 0 9. 3 55. 0 0. 07 7. 7 5 30

Microstructure Evolution During Cold Rolling Deformation Work hardening Ferrite (a) / Pearlite FLAT ROLLING

Microstructure Evolution During Cold Rolling Deformation Work hardening Ferrite (a) / Pearlite FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment for Flat Rolling 31

Microstructure Evolution During Annealing Preheat Soaking Cooling Over-aging Final Cooling Recovery Recrystallization Grain growth

Microstructure Evolution During Annealing Preheat Soaking Cooling Over-aging Final Cooling Recovery Recrystallization Grain growth FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment for Flat Rolling 32

Temper Rolling Figure 24. 3 Yield strength variation with elongation Figure 24. 2 Stress-strain

Temper Rolling Figure 24. 3 Yield strength variation with elongation Figure 24. 2 Stress-strain curves: (a) box-annealed rimmed deepdrawing steel; (b) diagram illustrating offset method for determining yield strength FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment for Flat Rolling 33

Temper Mill Figure 24. 10 Layout of temper and processing line (TPL) facility (Fujiwara

Temper Mill Figure 24. 10 Layout of temper and processing line (TPL) facility (Fujiwara et al. ). FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment for Flat Rolling 34

Tinning Line Fig. 18 - Layout of an electrolytic tinning line FLAT ROLLING II

Tinning Line Fig. 18 - Layout of an electrolytic tinning line FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment for Flat Rolling 35

Hot Dip Galvanizing General characteristics Material: cold rolled mild steel strip Entry YS 800

Hot Dip Galvanizing General characteristics Material: cold rolled mild steel strip Entry YS 800 MPa maxi-200 MPa mini Exit YS 140 MPa mini Strip width: Mini 750 mm Maxi 1850 mm Strip thickness: Mini 0. 30 mm Maxi 1. 6 mm (2 mm with allowance) Coil dimension Outside diameter Inside diameter Weight Entry mini 1200 mm maxi 2100 mm 610 mm 31000 kg Exit mini 1200 mm maxi 2100 mm 506 -610 mm 31000 kg Line speed Engagement 0 to 60 m/mm Entry 20 to 200 m/mm (240) Treatment 40 to 150 m/mm (180) Exit 20 to 200 m/mm (240) Commissioned in 1991 Fig. 4 - Schematic layout of a hot dip galvanizing line FLAT ROLLING II - Equipment for Flat Rolling 36