FITNESS COMPONENTS GCa D CYMRU NGf L By

FITNESS COMPONENTS GCa. D CYMRU NGf. L By the end of the unit you will know: • the names of the fitness components • which group they belong to • the definition of every component www. gcad-cymru. org. uk

Categorizing GCa. D CYMRU NGf. L These components fall into two fields: 1. General or Connected to Health 2. Specific or Connected to Skills We will now look in more detail at the two fields. www. gcad-cymru. org. uk

Definitions - General / Connected to Health GCa. D CYMRU NGf. L Strength The force implemented by the muscles when contracting. Flexibility The range of movement in a joint Body composition The percentage of fat, muscle and bone in the body. Stamina The body’s ability to persevere for long periods without tiring. It is a combination of cardiovascular and muscular endurance www. gcad-cymru. org. uk

Strength GCa. D CYMRU NGf. L The power the muscles execute when contracting. Static Dynamic Explosive(power) The strength needed to push or pull a very heavy object or to hold heavy weight above your head. The strength needed to keep a load moving over a long period. (e. g. rowing) The strength needed for one explosive action (e. g. high jump) - Holding a heavy weight motionless will improve your static strength. - Moving the load will improve your dynamic strength. - Moving the load as quickly as possible will improve your explosive power. www. gcad-cymru. org. uk

Flexibility GCa. D CYMRU NGf. L The range of movement in a joint. To improve flexibility you should stretch the muscles around the joint and hold the stretch for at least 8 – 10 seconds. This is called STATIC STRETCH. It can be active or passive. - A gymnast shows flexibility when performing the splits. - A hooker needs flexibility in his shoulders when performing in the scrum. - An athlete needs flexibility in the backbone when performing the high jump. www. gcad-cymru. org. uk

Body composition GCa. D CYMRU NGf. L The percentage of fat, muscle and bone in the body. You could be the right weight but still not fit because you have a lot of fat and small, weak muscles. Body composition gives a better idea of fitness and it specifies what percentage of your body weight is fat. www. gcad-cymru. org. uk

Stamina GCa. D CYMRU NGf. L The body’s ability to persevere for long periods without tiring. It is a combination of cardiovascular and muscular endurance Cardiovascular Muscle The blood circulation system’s ability to distribute oxygen which the muscles need. This is called Aerobic fitness. The muscles’ ability to contract time and time again without tiring. - A high level of aerobic fitness is needed to run a marathon. Why? - A high level of aerobic fitness is needed to keep on going throughout a game of Football / Hockey. - a high level of muscle endurance is needed for cyclists in the ‘tour de France’ race. - a high level of muscle endurance is needed to keep on rowing in a competitive race. www. gcad-cymru. org. uk

DEFINITIONS – SPECIFIC / RELATED TO SKILLS GCa. D CYMRU NGf. L Flexibility Change shape and direction of the body quickly. Balance Hold a particular shape without swaying or falling. Co-ordination Power Reaction Time Speed Moving parts of the body smoothly and correctly in response to messages from the senses. . of strength A combination and speed. Response speed is the term for the time taken to respond to a stimulus. The ability to move your body or part of your body quickly. www. gcad-cymru. org. uk

SPECIFIC / RELATED TO SKILLS - Examples Flexibility GCa. D CYMRU NGf. L Side stepping in a rugby game. The ‘Indian dribble’ movement - hockey. Balance STATIC = Headstand - gymnastic DYNANIC = Skating – ice skating. Co-ordination A serve in tennis. Catching a ball – goalkeeper. Power Throwing the Discus / Long jump Reaction Time Speed Starting a 100 m race. ‘Slip catch’ in a cricket match. There is a need for speed in a hundred metre race. www. gcad-cymru. org. uk

Speed GCa. D CYMRU NGf. L The ability to move your body or part of your body quickly. The term ‘speed’ does not always mean the ability to move from A to B as fast as possible. It can mean the ability to move different parts of the body quickly. See below for examples. - Speed is needed in a hundred metre race. - Speed is needed to be the first to reach the ball in team games. - Arm speed is needed when throwing the javelin. . www. gcad-cymru. org. uk

GCa. D CYMRU NGf. L NOW WE CAN ANSWER THESE QUESTIONS? What are the names of these components? To which group do they belong? What is the definition of every component? www. gcad-cymru. org. uk