First Aid Response to Illness Duration 3 hours

First Aid Response to Illness Duration: 3 hours

This training module: Contents: ‒ First aid for sudden severe illness ‒ Pains in the chest and abdomen and breathing difficulties ‒ Altered state of consciousness and convulsions ‒ Positions and psychological first aid ‒ Signs of circulatory failure and call for help Hjælp os at hjælpe andre 2

This training module: Objective: At the end of the training module, each participant should be able to: ‒ take appropriate action and administer first aid in response to sudden severe illnesses, as well as alert 1 -1 -2 ‒ prevent and/or deal with signs of circulatory failure, including conducting a reassuring conversation with the sick person ‒ name the effects and symptoms of sudden severe illnesses that result in chest pain, abdominal pain, convulsions, difficulty breathing, altered state of consciousness or infections, and the effects and symptoms of diabetes and signs of circulatory failure Hjælp os at hjælpe andre 3

Positions of victims who suddenly fall ill Hjælp os at hjælpe andre

Recovery position 1. 2. 3. 4. Hjælp os at hjælpe andre

Circulatory failure Loss of blood or fluid - Internal bleeding - External bleeding - Burns - Major abrasions Symptoms: Paleness and clamminess Grogginess Unconsciousness Hjælp os at hjælpe andre Venous swelling - Allergic reactions - Poisoning

Psychological first aid Calm and reassure the victim by: - Explaining what you are doing and why Telling him/her that an ambulance is on the way Informing the victim of his injuries, if he/she asks Laying a hand on the victim’s shoulder or holding his/her hand Attempt to engage bystanders and keep the victim from becoming aware of bystanders’ comments Hjælp os at hjælpe andre

Call for help Call 1 -1 -2 and state: - What has happened Where and who you are The number of casualties, and how severely they are injured A phone number for further information, if needed Special conditions Hjælp os at hjælpe andre

Organs in the thoracic and abdominal cavities Clavicle Right lung Ribs Diaphragm Thoracic cavity Sternum Heart Left lung Tip of the sternum Spleen Liver Stomach Abdominal cavity Colon Hjælp os at hjælpe andre Small intestine

Illnesses that cause chest pain Heart attack Symptoms: Sudden chest pain, pain radiating into the arms, up into the jaw, into the stomach or in the back. Shortness of breath, dizziness First aid: Help the person to find his/her medication. If he/she does not their medication or if it is not helping: call for help. Hjælp os at hjælpe andre

Illnesses that cause pain in the abdominal cavity Ulcers Blocked intestine Gallstones and kidney stones Ectopic pregnancy (outside the uterus) Appendicitis Symptoms: Sudden abdominal pain, possibly vomiting of blood (ulcers) First aid: Let the person sit or lie down as preferred. Seek medical attention or call for help. Call for help if there is blood in the vomit. Hjælp os at hjælpe andre

Illnesses causing convulsions Epilepsy Febrile convulsions Symptoms: Convulsions, possibly unconsciousness First aid: Epilepsy: Lay the person down, open airway. Protect against blows and shock during the convulsions. Call for help if the attack lasts more than 5 minutes. Febrile convulsions: Remove excess clothing, cool the victim. Call for help. Hjælp os at hjælpe andre

Illnesses causing breathing difficulties Asthma Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Symptoms: Whistling or wheezing breathing. Shortness of breath, prolonged coughing and breathlessness First aid: Help the person to find his/her medication. If he/she does not have this, or if the medication is not helping, even after several doses, call for help. Hjælp os at hjælpe andre

Illnesses causing breathing difficulties Pulmonary embolism Lung haemorrhage Symptoms: Sudden sharp chest pain, difficulty breathing Coughing up bloody blobs of mucous Anxiety, paleness and clamminess First aid: Let the person sit or lie down as preferred, and contact a doctor. If the symptoms reoccur within an interval of a few minutes, call for help. Hjælp os at hjælpe andre

Illnesses resulting in an altered state of consciousness Stroke Apoplexy Symptoms: Sudden onset of paralysis, speech difficulties and understanding, vertigo, visual impairment or unconsciousness. First aid: Let the person sit or lie down as preferred. Call for help Hjælp os at hjælpe andre

Illnesses resulting in an altered state of consciousness Diabetes Symptoms: Grogginess, restlessness, hunger, unconsciousness. First aid: Give the victim a sugary drink, if he/she is conscious. If the person’s condition does not improve quickly, call for help. Hjælp os at hjælpe andre