Fire Protection Engineering FPRF Sprinkler Protection Criteria for

Fire Protection Engineering FPRF Sprinkler Protection Criteria for Consumer Fireworks Storage in Retail Facilities Garner Palenske, P. E. AON FPE Vice President | US Western Region

Overview This study had two primary objectives: § To conduct/oversee a field survey of the configurations of fireworks storage in retail facilities to develop a design basis for hazard assessment § To develop a research plan with associated preliminary cost estimate to evaluate required sprinkler design criteria for consumer fireworks storage in these facilities 1 Fire Protection Engineering

Field Survey Locations § Phantom Fireworks – Pahrump, NV § TNT Fireworks – Londonderry, NH § Atlas Fireworks – Londonderry, NH § Phantom Fireworks – Londonderry, NH § Sparks Fly Fireworks – Chichester, NH § Big Daddy’s Fireworks – Lenoir City, TN § Fireworks Supermarket – Bristol, TN § Phantom Fireworks – Holland, OH § Phantom Fireworks – Fayette, OH § Motor City Fireworks – Monroe, MI 2 Fire Protection Engineering

Field Survey Findings – Retail Areas § Similar to Grocery Stores – Layout – Product distribution – Organization § Displayed in Original Packaging § Removal of Damaged Products 3 Fire Protection Engineering

Field Survey Findings – Retail Areas § Fuse Covers / Protective Packaging § Shelving Sizes & Types Varied – Gondolas (up to 5 shelves) – Pallets – Single level bins § Storage Heights & Lengths Varied – Most shelving ≤ 72 inches tall – All shelving ≤ 32 feet long 4 Fire Protection Engineering

Field Survey Findings – Retail Areas Product Quantity – Greatest to Least: § § § § Cakes Mine / Shell Devices Assortments Aerial Shell Kits Roman Candles Fountains Sparklers / Dipped Sticks Other (Sky / Bottle Rockets, Missiles, Helicopters, Firecrackers, Wheels) § Novelties 5 Fire Protection Engineering

Field Survey Findings – Storage Areas § Storage Protection – Sprinkler System – Building Separation § DOT Approved Packaging § Shelving Sizes & Types Varied – Predominant Method: Solid Pile – Rack Storage in Five Stores § Storage Heights Varied – 120 Inches for Solid Pile – 166 Inches for Racks 6 Fire Protection Engineering

Proposed Testing Concept – Reduced Scale Testing § Use Calorimeter Testing § Address Fireworks Characteristics – Energy release from fire – Deflagration potential – Spark spray – Launching projectiles § Determine Worst Case Products – Baseline for full scale testing 7 Fire Protection Engineering

Proposed Testing Concept – Full Scale Testing § Retail Configurations – Shelf storage arrays – Palletized arrays – Influence of projectiles – Influence of spark spray § Storage Configurations – Rack storage array – Palletized array 8 Fire Protection Engineering

Proposed Fire Test Parameters Fire Tests Test Room Size( sq ft) Storage Type Commodity Type Nominal Storage Height (ft) Nominal Ceiling Height (ft) Nominal Clearance (ft) Array length(ft) Aisle Width (in) Longitudinal Flue (in) Longitudinal/ Transverse Divider Ignition Location Igniter Details Sprinkler Type/ Temperature Rating (o. F) Sprinkler Orientation Sprinkler Response Shelf Storage Palletized 3, 000 -5, 000 Shelf (Gondola) Consumer Fireworks 6 12 -17 6 -11 32 48 N/A Longitudinal at 24 inches Between 2 Sprinklers (Centered) 2 Half Igniters - 3" by 3" Each with 4 oz Gasoline Palletized Open Array Consumer Fireworks 6 12 -17 6 -11 21 N/A 12 Between 2 Sprinklers (Centered) 2 Half Igniters - 3" by 3" Each with 4 oz Gasoline CMDA 165 Pendent Quick Response NA Comments Size of Typical Retail Store UL 199 9 Fire Protection Engineering

Test Concept Summary Description of Test Mock Building Calorimeter – Fuel Package Tests Full scale retail tests (described in Table 1) Full scale storage tests Product Type Number of Tests Construction of 3, 000 -5, 000 ft 2 mock building To be used in all full scale tests Samples from categories defined by NFPA 1124, Appendix C 12 - One from each category plus three more Highest heat-release rate products, plus worst case projectile launching products 6 - gondola array, 2 - palletized array Highest heat-release rate products in DOT approved packaging 1 - rack storage, 1 - palletized array 10 Fire Protection Engineering

Questions? 11 Fire Protection Engineering