Figure 8 8 a The knee joint Femur

Figure 8. 8 a The knee joint. Femur Articular capsule Posterior cruciate ligament Lateral meniscus Anterior cruciate ligament Tibia Tendon of quadriceps femoris Suprapatellar bursa Patella Subcutaneous prepatellar bursa Synovial cavity Lateral meniscus Infrapatellar fat pad Deep infrapateller bursa Patellar ligament Sagittal section through the right knee joint © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.

Figure 8. 8 c The knee joint. Quadriceps femoris muscle Tendon of quadriceps femoris muscle Patella Lateral patellar retinaculum (lateral) Fibular collateral ligament Fibula © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Medial patellar retinaculum Tibial (medial) collateral ligament Patellar ligament Tibia Anterior view of right knee

Figure 8. 8 e The knee joint. (Lateral)Fibular collateral ligament Lateral condyle of femur Lateral meniscus Tibia Posterior cruciate ligament Medial condyle Tibial (Medial) collateral ligament Anterior cruciate ligament Medial meniscus Patellar ligament Fibula Patella Quadriceps tendon © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Anterior view of flexed knee, showing the cruciate ligaments (articular capsule removed, and quadriceps tendon cut and reflected distally)

Figure 8. 10 a The shoulder joint. Acromion of scapula Coracoacromial ligament Subacromial bursa Fibrous layer of articular capsule Tendon sheath Tendon of long head of biceps brachii muscle Frontal section through right shoulder joint © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Synovial cavity of the glenoid cavity containing synovial fluid Articular cartilage Synovial membrane Fibrous layer of articular capsule Humerus

Figure 8. 10 c The shoulder joint. Acromion Coracoacromial ligament Subacromial bursa Coracohumeral ligament Greater tubercle of humerus Transverse humeral ligament Tendon sheath Tendon of long head of biceps brachii muscle Anterior view of right shoulder joint capsule © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Coracoid process Articular capsule reinforced by glenohumeral ligaments Subscapular bursa Tendon of the subscapularis muscle Scapula

Figure 8. 10 d The shoulder joint. Acromion Coracoid process Articular capsule Glenoid cavity Glenoid labrum Tendon of long head of biceps brachii muscle Glenohumeral ligaments Tendon of the subscapularis muscle Scapula Posterior © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Anterior Lateral view of socket of right shoulder joint, humerus removed

Figure 8. 11 The elbow joint. Articular capsule Synovial membrane Humerus Fat pad Tendon of triceps muscle Bursa Articular cartilage Coronoid process Tendon of brachialis muscle Ulna Radius Lateral epicondyle Articular capsule Radial collateral ligament Olecranon Articular cartilage of the trochlear notch Ulna Median sagittal section through right elbow (lateral view) Humerus Lateral view of right elbow joint Articular capsule Anular ligament Medial epicondyle Articular capsule Anular ligament Synovial cavity Trochlea Radius Humerus Coronoid process Medial epicondyle Ulnar collateral ligament Radius Ulnar collateral ligament Coronoid process Ulna Cadaver photo of medial view of right elbow © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Medial view of right elbow

Figure 8. 12 The hip joint. Articular cartilage Acetabular labrum Coxal (hip) bone Acetabular labrum Ligament of the head of the femur (ligamentum teres) Synovial membrane Femur Ligament of the head of the femur (ligamentum teres) Head of femur Articular capsule (cut) Synovial cavity Articular capsule Frontal section through the right hip joint Photo of the interior of the hip joint, lateral view Iliofemoral ligament Ischium Ischiofemoral ligament Greater trochanter of femur © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Posterior view of right hip joint, capsule in place Anterior inferior iliac spine Iliofemoral ligament Pubofemoral ligament Greater trochanter Anterior view of right hip joint, capsule in place

Figure 8. 13 The temporomandibular (jaw) joint. Articular disc Mandibular fossa Articular tubercle Zygomatic process Infratemporal fossa Articular tubercle Mandibular fossa External acoustic meatus Articular capsule Lateral ligament Synovial membranes Condylar process of mandible Ramus of mandible Location of the joint in the skull Outline of the mandibular fossa © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Superior joint cavity Ramus of Inferior joint mandible cavity Enlargement of a sagittal section through the joint Superior view Lateral excursion: lateral (side-to-side) movements of the mandible

Figure 8. 8 a The knee joint.

Figure 8. 8 c The knee joint.

Figure 8. 8 e The knee joint.

Figure 8. 10 a The shoulder joint.

Figure 8. 10 c The shoulder joint.

Figure 8. 10 d The shoulder joint.

Figure 8. 11 The elbow joint.

Figure 8. 12 The hip joint.

Figure 8. 13 The temporomandibular (jaw) joint.