Figure 1 Most Support Federal Government Doing More

Figure 1 Most Support Federal Government Doing More To Help Provide Health Insurance, But Republican Support Has Declined Over Time Percent who say they favor the federal government doing more to help provide health insurance for more Americans: November 2006 September 2008 January 2019 Total 75% 74% 85% 96% 92% 94% Democrats Independents Republicans 73% 77% 40% SOURCE: KFF Polls. See toplines for full question wording and response options. 49% 72% 86%

Figure 2 Prior to 2016, About Half Or More Opposed A National Health Plan Percent who favor or oppose a national health plan in which all Americans would get their insurance from a single government plan: Favor Oppose 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 53% 55% 49% 43% 46% 50% 2008 -2009 (avg of 7 polls) Feb 2016 50% 40% 30% 20% 40% 39% 1998 -2000 (avg of 6 polls) 2002 -2004 (avg of 2 polls) 10% 0% SOURCE: KFF Polls. See toplines for full question wording and response options.

Figure 3 Support for Medicare-for-all Has Narrowed Over Time Do you favor or oppose having a national health plan, sometimes called Medicare-for-all, in which all Americans would get their insurance from a single government plan? 100% Favor Oppose 80% 60% 40% [VALUE]% [VALUE]% [VAL UE]% 20% Apr [VALUE]%[VALUE]% [VALUE]% [VALUE]% Apr [VALUE]% 0% июн-2017 авг-2017 окт-2017 дек-2017 фев-2018 апр-2018 июн-2018 авг-2018 окт-2018 дек-2018 фев-2019 апр-2019 июн-2019 авг-2019 SOURCE: KFF Health Tracking Polls. See topline for full question wording and response options.

Figure 4 Six In Ten Republicans “Strongly Oppose” While Four in Ten Democrats “Strongly Favor” Medicare-for-all Do you favor or oppose having a national health plan, sometimes called Medicare-for-all, in which all Americans would get their insurance from a single government plan? Strongly favor Somewhat favor Total Democrats Independents Republicans 30% 42% Somewhat oppose 21% 29% 30% 21% [VAL 13% UE] 11% 35% 12%16% 13% 10% 35% 61% SOURCE: KFF Health Tracking Poll (October 3 -8, 2019). See topline for full question wording and response options. Strongly oppose

Figure 5 Terminology Affects Public Opinion On A National Health Plan Do you have a positive or negative reaction to each of the following terms? Positive Universal health coverage 63% Medicare-for-all 63% National health plan Single-payer health insurance system Socialized medicine No opinion Negative 59% 46% 31% 6% 34% 3% [VALUE] 5% 32% 44% SOURCE: KFF Health Tracking Poll (April 11 -16, 2019). See topline for full question wording and response options. 19% 11%

Figure 6 Language Matters When Describing A National Health Plan Percent who say they have a positive reaction to each of the following terms: Total Republicans Medicare-for-all 33% Universal health coverage 0% 10% 57% 39% 17% 45% 20% 30% 40% 63% 87% 63% 59% 34% Single payer health insurance system Democrats 62% 39% National health plan Socialized medicine Independents 83% 59% 49% 87% 64% 46% 50% 74% 60% SOURCE: KFF Health Tracking Poll (April 11 -16, 2019). See topline for full question wording and response options. 70% 80% 90%

Figure 7 Reasons For Opinions On National Health Plan Echo Partisan Messages AMONG THE 39% WHO OPPOSE: What is the main reason you oppose such a plan? Don’t want government involved Too expensive to implement Limits choice/competition Do you favor or oppose having a national health plan, sometimes called Medicare-for-all? AMONG THE 56% WHO FAVOR: What is the main reason you favor such a plan? NET: 40% [VALUE] [VALUE] [CATEG ORY NAME] [CATEG [VALUE] ORY NAME] [VALUE] Universal coverage [CATEG ORY NAME] [VALUE] Make health care more affordable/ Costs too high SOURCE: KFF Health Tracking Poll (March 13 -18, 2019). See topline for full question wording and response options. [VALUE Health care is a right 7% ] [VAL UE]

Figure 8 Universal Coverage Is Most Important Feature Of A National Health Plan Among Supporters How important is it that a national health plan…? Very important Somewhat important Not too important Covers all Americans 89% 79% Simplifies the health care system Eliminates monthly premiums Eliminates private health insurance companies [VALUE] 9% 1% [VALUE] 18% 2% [VALUE] 33% 8% 2% 56% 32% 8% 3% Eliminates out-of-pocket costs like co-pays and deductibles Shifts what people pay for health care to taxes Not at all important 45% 38% NOTE: Among those who favor a national health plan. SOURCE: KFF Health Tracking Poll (March 13 -18, 2019). See topline for full question wording and response options. 38% 29% 8% 6% 19% 11%

Figure 9 Majorities Think Many Aspects Of Health Care System Would Be Unchanged Under Medicare-for-all Do you think each of the following would happen under a national health plan, sometimes called Medicare-forall? Yes No Don't know 55% 38% [VAL UE] [VA LU [V E] AL UE 7% ] 55% 39% 7% 54% [VALUE] 6% 52% 41% 7% 78% Taxes for most people would increase People would continue to pay deductibles and co-pays when they use health care services 69% All U. S. residents would have health insurance coverage [VALUE] People with insurance through their jobs would be able to keep their current plans People who buy their own insurance would be able to keep their current plans Individuals and employers would continue to pay health insurance premiums Doctors and hospitals would be paid less Private health insurance companies would still be the primary way Americans get coverage 40% SOURCE: KFF Health Tracking Poll (May 30 -June 4, 2019). See topline for full question wording and response options. 19% 27% 34% 53% 7%

Figure 10 Attitudes Shift After Hearing Messages About How Medicare-forall Would Impact Current System Would you favor or oppose a national Medicare-for-all plan if you heard that it would do each of the following? Oppose Lead to delays in people getting some medical tests and treatments Threaten the current Medicare program Require most Americans to pay more in taxes Eliminate private health insurance companies Eliminate all health insurance premiums and reduce out-of-pocket Eliminate all health insurance premiums and reduce outhealth care health costs for most Americans of-pocket care costs for most Americans Guarantee health insurance asalla Americans right for all Guarantee health insurance as a right for Americans Require most Americans to pay more in taxes Favor 70% 26% 60% 32% 60% 37% 58% 37% 30% 27% SOURCE: KFF Health Tracking Poll (January 9 -14, 2019). See topline for full question wording and response options. 67% 71%

Figure 11 Uncertainties Persist About National Health Plan Provisions Percent who think that, if a national Medicare-for-all plan was put into place, they and their family would… …be able to keep their current health insurance Would …be able to access the health care they need 19% 27% 35% 55% Would not …have to pay more in taxes to cover the cost of health insurance 67% SOURCE: KFF Health Tracking Poll (January 9 -14, 2019). See topline for full question wording and response options. 77%

Figure 12 Most Medicare-for-all Supporters Think They Would Be Able To Keep Their Health Insurance Yes, think they and their family would be able to keep their current health insurance No, think they and their family would not be able to keep their current health insurance Among those who favor having a national health insurance plan or Medicare-for-all Total 24% 35% 55% Among those who oppose having a national health insurance plan or Medicare-for-all 67% 51% DK DK SOURCE: KFF Health Tracking Poll (January 9 -14, 2019). See topline for full question wording and response options. 41% DK

Figure 13 More Democrats Prefer Candidate Who Would Build On The ACA Thinking about the Democratic candidates’ approach to health care. Would you prefer to vote for a candidate who wants to…? [CATEGORY NAME] [VALUE] [CATEGORY NAME]/Other [VALUE] NOTE: Among Democrats and Democratic-leaning independents. SOURCE: KFF Health Tracking Poll (September 3 -8, 2019). See topline for full question wording and response options.

Figure 14 Broad Support For Proposals To Expand Public Health Insurance Programs Percent who favor or oppose: Favor Oppose 100% 90% 80% 70% 24% 18% 73% 74% 75% 77% Public option Optional Medicare-for-all Medicaid buy-in Medicare buy-in for ages 50 -64 47% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 51% 10% 0% Medicare-for-all SOURCE: KFF Health Tracking Polls. See toplines for full question wording and response options.

Figure 15 More Incremental Approach To Universal Coverage: Medicare Buy. In And Medicaid Buy-In Oppose …allowing people between the ages of 50 and 64 to buy insurance through the Medicare program? Do you favor or oppose … Total 18% Democrats [VALUE] Independents Republicans 77% 85% 19% 75% 26% 69% Favor … allowing people who don’t get health insurance at work to buy health insurance through their state Medicaid program? 18% [VALUE] 75% 85% 20% 75% 26% SOURCE: KFF Health Tracking Poll (January 9 -14, 2019). See topline for full question wording and response options. 64%