Fig 29 1 Table 29 1 Fig 29
Fig. 29 -1
Table 29 -1
Fig. 29 -7 1 Origin of land plants (about 475 mya) 2 Origin of vascular plants (about 420 mya) 3 Origin of extant seed plants (about 305 mya) Hornworts 1 Mosses Pterophytes (ferns, horsetails, whisk ferns) 3 Angiosperms 450 400 350 300 Millions of years ago (mya) 50 0 Seed plants Gymnosperms Vascular plants 2 Seedless vascular plants Lycophytes (club mosses, spike mosses, quillworts) 500 Land plants ANCESTRAL GREEN ALGA Nonvascular plants (bryophytes) Liverworts
Fig. 29 -9 d Polytrichum commune, hairy-cap moss Capsule Seta Sporophyte (a sturdy plant that takes months to grow) Gametophyte
Fig. 29 -9 c An Anthoceros hornwort species Sporophyte Gametophyte
Fig. 29 -9 a Thallus Gametophore of female gametophyte Sporophyte Foot Seta Marchantia sporophyte (LM) 500 µm Marchantia polymorpha, a “thalloid” liverwort Capsule (sporangium)
Fig. 29 -9 b Plagiochila deltoidea, a “leafy” liverwort
Fig. 29 -5 c Spores Sporangium Longitudinal section of Sphagnum sporangium (LM) Sporophyte Gametophyte Sporophytes and sporangia of Sphagnum (a moss)
Fig. 29 -11 a (a) Peat being harvested
Fig. 29 -11 b (b) “Tollund Man, ” a bog mummy
Fig. 29 -8 -3 Raindrop Sperm “Bud” Male gametophyte (n) Key Haploid (n) Diploid (2 n) Protonemata (n) Antheridia “Bud” Egg Spores Gametophore Female Archegonia gametophyte (n) Spore dispersal Rhizoid Peristome FERTILIZATION Sporangium MEIOSIS Mature sporophytes Seta Capsule (sporangium) Foot Zygote (2 n) (within archegonium) Embryo 2 mm Archegonium Capsule with peristome (SEM) Young sporophyte (2 n) Female gametophytes
Fig. 29 -5 a Gametophyte (n) Mitosis n n Spore Gamete from another plant Mitosis n n Gamete MEIOSIS FERTILIZATION 2 n Mitosis Sporophyte (2 n) Alternation of generations Zygote
Selaginella apoda, a spike moss 1 cm Fig. 29 -15 b
Fig. 29 -15 c Isoetes gunnii, a quillwort
Fig. 29 -15 d 2. 5 cm Strobili (clusters of sporophylls) Diphasiastrum tristachyum, a club moss
Fig. 29 -15 f 25 cm Athyrium filix-femina, lady fern
Fig. 29 -15 g Equisetum arvense, field horsetail Vegetative stem 1. 5 cm Strobilus on fertile stem
Fig. 29 -15 h 2. 5 cm Psilotum nudum, a whisk fern
Fig. 29 -13 -3 Key Haploid (n) Diploid (2 n) MEIOSIS Spore dispersal Spore (n) Sporangium Mature sporophyte (2 n) Antheridium Young gametophyte Mature gametophyte (n) Archegonium Egg New sporophyte Zygote (2 n) Sorus Gametophyte Fiddlehead FERTILIZATION Sperm
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