FIBER OPTIC FLAG A universal carrier of gigabit

FIBER OPTIC (FLAG) A universal carrier of gigabit Information for all utilities

FIBER OPTIC (FLAG) A universal carrier of gigabit information for all utilities Mohammed Samsher Ali Senior consulting Engineer (Communication) Zuhair Fayez Partnership Consultant

PAPER OUTLINE Introduction Fiber Optic Communication FLAG (Fiber Optic Link Around the Globe) Communication need of Private / Public utilities FLAG Integration scheme for all utilities SPECIAL REFERENCE TO SCECO/SEC

COMMUNICATION MEDIA WIRE COMMUNICATION COPPER CABLE FIBER OPTIC CABLE SUBMARINE CABLE POWER LINE WIRELESS COMMUNICATION H. F / VHF / UHF MW / SATELLITE / SHF

FREQUENCY SPECTRUM STANDARD FCC ALLOCATION VLF/LF/MF/HF/VHF/UHF/SHF/ehf (Radio-MW, SW, VHF Radio, TV, Cellular (GSM), Mobile and Fixed Satellite, Millimeter Radio Distribution) NEED FOR HIGHER BANDWIDTH High Speed LAN, Real Time Video, High Definition TV, Multimedia,

FIBER OPTIC COMMUNICATION SYSTEM INTRODUCTION TRANSMITTER Encoder, Optical Transmitter RECEIVER Optical Receiver, Decoder REPEATERS Invention of LASER in 1960, TYPES OF FIBER Mono-mode, Multi-mode, Step Index, Graded Index

FIBER OPTIC COMMUNICATION SYSTEM ADVANTAGES Very Large Information Bandwidth High Immunity to Interference Negligible Cross Talk Completely Electrical Isolation No FCC Regulation, No Need of Licensing Excellent Mode for Digital Transmission No easy to tap or eavesdrop Larger Repeater Spacing Light weight, Cheaper, Flexible ease of Handling Non Reactive to Nuclear Radiation Cabling possible along the same transmission Line Longer Life Expectancy.

FIBER OPTIC COMMUNICATION SYSTEM DISADVANTAGES Were related to Repeaters, Connectors, Splicing etc. Now - Hardly Anything to name.

COMMUNICATION NEED OF ALL UTILITIES BASIC NEED ADMINISTRATIVE , OPERATIONAL , CURRENT SCENARIO(High Bandwidth Demand) ORGANIZATIONS LIKE POWER(SCECO/SEC), OIL(SAUDI ARAMCO) BANK (NCB, SBB, RB etc. ) MEDIUMS USED EXCLUSIVE (HF , VHF , MW , SAT , F. O ETC) LEASED / DDN - PTT or PUBLIC AGENCIES

Power Sector Communication BASIC CONCEPT Since 1920 used by US power utilities Voice , Protective relaying , Telemetering , Load Dispatching SELECTION CRITERIA PLCC is the backbone Judicious mix of Digital Microwave and Fiber Optic Communication Satellite Communication Leased Lines from PTT

POWER SECTOR COMMUNICATION PLC COMPONENTS Terminal Equipment (Tx , Rx , Associated Components) Coupling Equipment (WT , CC , LMU , ) High Voltage System( T. L , S/S , Control Centers) ADVANTAGES / DISADVANTAGES Advantages - Reliable , Cheapest , Controlled by user not by third party, No FCC licensing , Versatile and Viable Disadvantages - Limited frequency (50 - 500 k. Hz) , Bandwidth Limitation , Susceptible to impulse noise , Interference , Sensitive to climatic variations

FIBER OPTIC COMMUNICATION IN POWER UTILITIES FIBER GENERATION 1 st Generation-850 nm, Graded Index, used for Inter-City 2 nd Generation(in 1983)- 1330 n, Mono-mode with Higher BW and Lower Attenuation. 3 rd Generation (in 1989)1550 nm, Dispersion Shifted Fiber CABLE TYPES and INSTALLATION OPGW (Optical Fiber incorporated in the Ground Wire) WA ( Optical Fiber Cable Wrapped Around the Ground Wire) MFSS (Metal Free Self Supporting)

OPGW in Power Sector

FIBER CABLES FOR POWER UTILITIES

FOPU FUTURE TRENDS Advancement in Optical Amplifier, Solid State LASER Diodes with antireflection Coating, Erbium Doped Optical Amplifiers for 1550 nm, Using G. 653 DSF Repeaters Advantage Over the Cable/Co-axial cable medium. ADVANTAGES All Advantages of Fiber Optic Communication Cheaper, Reliable, Dedicated and Secured.

SUBMARINE CABLES INTRODUCTION Ancient Origin, Copper Telephone Cables / Co-axial Cables GENERATION SEA - ME - WE(South-East Asia, Middle East, Western Europe-1) Started in June 1986, the SEA-ME-WE-2 and now SEA-ME-WE-3, with 36, 000 Km, 40 Landing Points. FOG(Fiber Optic Gulf)- 1300 Km, Submarine F. O. Cable, 5 Gbits, for Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar and UAE. FLAG( Fiber Optic Link Around the Globe) PROJECT OXYGEN ( Recent Origin)

FLAG (FIBER OPTIC LINK AROUND THE GLOBE

FLAG EXISTING TREND Analog to Digital, Narrow Band to Wide Band SDH, ISDN and ATM Frame Relay to Gigabit Ethernet Voice over Data Video Conferencing Internet/Intranet Optical Amplification WDM to Dense WDM

FLAG CAPABILITIES Spans 3 Continents, Links 12 Countries Boasts 28, 000 Km, 1, 20, 000 Circuits of 64 Kbps 6, 000 simultaneous Conversations in each segment, Based on SDH 14 Landing Points in Middle East New Segments have 32 Gbps over each Fiber Pair Majority users are ISPs

FLAG FUTURE PROJECTS Named as PROJECT OXYGEN Planned for 1, 53, 000 Km in Submarine F. O 78 Countries, 98 Landing Points, ATM Architecture with ITU Digital Standard Traffic flow 640 Gbps capacity on each circuit Customer can purchase/Hire/resale the capacity Completion of Phase 1 by end of 2003.

COMPARISON OF SUBMARINE SYSTEMS

COMPARISON OF SUBMARINE FIBER OPTIC IN ME AND NA

SUBMARINE CABLE

FLAG (GLOBAL SCENARIO)

FLAG IN MIDDLE EAST

FLAG for Saudi Arabia

INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY BASIC CONCEPT High - Speed, ultra-high capacity Optical Fiber Network Capable of Transmitting (Audio, Text and video Signal ) BROAD BAND ADVANTAGES

PREFERENCE FOR MEDIUM

INTEGRATION TECHNIQUE PHILOSOPHY OF INTEGRATION

PROPOSED SCHEME KUWAIT PR/RTU SUDAN POW S ER C UTIL E ITY C FRO O M / GEN S JEDDAH ERA “LANDING POINT FOR E TION SAUDI ARABIA” C OR ST FLAG DIST C RIBU TION CEN ERITRA TRE ADEN ETHIOPIA SCADA VOICE/DA TA COMPUTE R VFT D D A PABX A ISDN D PABX A D I N T E R F A C E M U L T I P L E X E R POWER SUB STATION WITH RTU, COUPLING EQUIPMENT O P G W L / I W N MFA E SS / T E R M I N A L M O D U FIBRE OPTIC COMMUNICATIO L EQ NS INTERFACES E PT. STATION “A” POWER SUB STATION WITH RTU, COUPLING EQUIPMENT O P G W / W A MF / SS L I N E T E R M I N A L M U L T I P L E X E R I N T E R F A C E M O D FIBRE OPTIC U COMMUNICATIO L EQ NS INTERFACES E PT. STATION “B” D D A A D PR/RTU SCADA S C E C O / S E C VOICE/DA TA COMPUTE R VFT PABX ISDN A D ANY AGENCY LEASED PABX PUBL IC USE PTT / STC LEGEND: FIG. 2 : PROPOSED SCHEME FOR INTEGRATING POWER UTILITY COMMUNICATION SYSTEM WITH PRIVATE / PUBLIC UTILITIES. FIBRE OPTIC OPGW/WA/, M FSS /CABLE FLAG CABLE SEA-ME-WE CABLE

MAJOR BENEFITS ADVANTAGES Optimum Utilization of the Medium Leasing / Sharing Very High BW available for all users Ultramodern Communication Facilities at door step Reliable, Secured Better S/N Ratio Cost Effective

CONCLUSION Change Your Services Before Somebody forces you To do so