Fiber Optic Cable Optical fiber cables transmit data

Fiber Optic Cable Optical fiber cables transmit data in the form of light. Optical fiber cables contain long thin strands of pure glass or plastic, called the optical fiber, with each strand having a diameter of about 5 microns.

Optical Fiber Cables A typical optical fiber cable consists of the following three components: Core: The core contains the optical fiber conductor (glass/plastic) that transmits light. Cladding: The core is surrounded by another optical material to prevent any light from escaping the core. The function of cladding is to reflect the light back into the core. Sheath or outer jacket: The core and cladding are covered with a sheath, usually made of plastic, to protect the fiber from damage.

Optical Fiber Cables Data to be transmitted is converted into light by a codec (coder and decoder) present at each end of the fiber. The codec converts the data from the computer into light, and the light is transmitted across the cable with the help of either a Light Emitting Diode (LED) or an Injection Laser Diode (ILD). At the destination computer, a decodec receives the light beam and converts it back into data.

Connectors The subscriber channel (SC) connector is used for cable TV. It uses a push/pull locking system. The straight-tip (ST) connector

Optical Fiber Cables vs Copper Wire Fiber-optic cable is more expensive and more difficult to install than copper cable, but fiber-optic’s ability to move data faster and further (up to 2 kilometers) makes it an excellent alternative to copper. Copper wire can be looped, bent and still carry an electrical signal. On the other hand, fiber-optic has to remain relatively straight to carry data as a light pulse. Fiber-optic cable provides a more secure environment. As fiber-optic uses light to transfer data, it is not vulnerable to tapping (i. e. stealing of data off the line itself). Copper cabling can be tapped as it uses electrical signal to send data.

Optical Fiber Cables vs Copper Wire Less vulnerable to noise (interference) from other devices such as a copy machine Better security of signals during transmission due to less susceptible to noise Smaller size (much thinner and lighter weight)

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