FGDC Coordinaton Group Connected Vehicles Digital Infrastructure Carl

FGDC Coordinaton Group Connected Vehicles & Digital Infrastructure Carl K. Andersen U. S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration 21 October 2014

Today’s Transportation Challenges Safety • 33, 561 highway deaths in 2012 • 5. 615 million crashes in 2012 • Leading cause of death for ages 4, 11 -27 Mobility • 5. 5 billion hours of travel delay • $121 billion cost of urban congestion Environment • 2. 9 billion gallons of wasted fuel • 56 billion lbs of additional CO 2 Data Sources: Traffic Safety Facts: 2012 Data, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (Nov 2013) 2011 Annual Urban Mobility Report, Texas Transportation Institute (Feb 2013)

Connected Vehicle Program Drivers/Operators Image Source: Thinkstock Connectivity Image Source: Thinkstock Image Source: Thinkstock Wireless Devices ITS Research = Multimodal and Connected Infrastructure Vehicles and Fleets Image Source: Thinkstock

Connected Vehicle Environment Vehicle Data latitude, longitude, time, heading angle, speed, lateral acceleration, longitudinal acceleration, yaw rate, throttle position, brake status, steering angle, headlight status, wiper status, external temperature, turn signal status, vehicle length, vehicle width, vehicle mass, bumper height Infrastructure Messages Signal Phase and Timing, Fog Ahead Train Coming Drive 35 mph 50 Parking Spaces Available Image Source: Thinkstock/USDOT

Communications Technology • What it is o o Wi-Fi radio adapted for vehicle environment Inexpensive to produce in quantity Original FCC spectrum allocation in 1999 FCC revised allocation in 2004 and 2006 • How the technology works o Messages transmitted 10 times/sec (300 m range – line of sight) Ø Basic Safety Message: vehicle position, speed, heading, acceleration, size, brake system status, etc. Ø Privacy is protected (vehicle location is NOT tracked) • Challenges of the technology o Vehicles and infrastructure need to be equipped to gain benefit • Other Communications Modes o o o Cellular 4 G Satellite Fiber optic.

The Vehicle That Doesn’t Crash

Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V 2 V) Overview DSRC V 2 V uses DSRC and GPS to enable wireless real-time communication between vehicles to notify driver of potential hazards. J 2735 Basic Safety Message: Security Credentials Information Transmitted Random Vehicle ID, Sequence #, Time Stamp, Position (latitude, longitude, elevation, accuracy), Motion (speed, transmission state, heading angle, brake, accel /decel), Control (yaw rate), & Vehicle Size (length, width) Courtesy of Ford Motor Company

Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V 2 I) • Infrastructure receives and broadcasts information to enable applications. • Vehicle-based applications use information from the infrastructure to augment sensor data. • Agencies can use vehicle data to modify signal timing and make other operational decisions.

V 2 I Safety Applications Curve Speed Warning Smart Roadside Stop Sign Gap Assist Red Light Violation Warning

Mobility & Environment

Spotlight on Speed Harmonization Smoother Traffic Flows with Controlled Speed Harmonization

Simulation of Speed Harmonization Source: VISSIM simulation for the Cooperative Vehicle Highway Systems to Improve Speed Harmonization Project

AERIS Eco. Drive Demonstration Slightly Reduce Speed to Avoid Stop at Red Light Fuel Savings: Ranged from 2. 5 to 18 percent, depending on approach speed.

The Path To Deployment Defined Safety (V 2 I), Mobility (V 2 V & V 2 I), AERIS & Weather Apps Defined V 2 V Apps Application Development Pilots/Early Deployments FHWA Deployment NHTSA Guidelines Decision Heavy Vehicles NHTSA Decision Light Vehicles

Connected Vehicle Pilot Program PROGRAM GOALS S PUR E ARLY CV T ECH D EPLOYMENT M EASURE D EPLOYMENT B ENEFITS R ESOLVE D EPLOYMENT I SSUES Safety, Mobility, and Environment CV Tech: Wirelessly connected vehicles, mobile devices, and infrastructure § Proposed Program Schedule □ □ Summer-Fall 2014 Early 2015 Early 2017 September 2020 § Resources □ □ - Regional Pre-Deployment Workshops/Webinars - Solicitation for Wave 1 Pilot Deployment Concepts - Solicitation for Wave 2 Pilot Deployment Concepts - Pilot Deployments Complete ITS JPO Website: http: //www. its. dot. gov/ CV Pilots Program Website: http: //www. its. dot. gov/pilots Technical, Institutional, Financial

Safe and Connected Automation • Safe o Meets requirements for functional safety, cybersecurity, and system performance • Connectivity o Includes all types of communication with vehicles and infrastructure (Wi-Fi, DSRC, Cellular, etc. ) Connected Vehicle Communicates with nearby vehicles and infrastructure Not automated (level 0) Connected Automated Vehicle Autonomous Vehicle Operates in isolation from other vehicles using internal sensors Leverages automated and connected vehicle technologies

A Global Standard

Key Questions • How do we maintain the driver’s privacy? • What specific data elements do you need? • How often to you need them? • What are the benefits of the applications? • How do you get the data? • o Installation of equipment? o Purchase from a vendor? What new opportunities are there with cellular and a world of apps?

Challenges Ahead Successful Together Policy Opportunities & Challenges Stakeholders § Privacy/ Cyber security § Governance § Funding/ Sustainability § Data ownership § Interoperability § Risk/ Liability § Implementation § § § § § Image: istock. com Public/consumers Automakers Equip. Suppliers Public agencies Business/Industry Interest groups Innovators Academia. . and many more!

Thank You!