Fetus to Fetus Transfusion Syndrome Mohammed Almurtadi Year

Fetus to Fetus Transfusion Syndrome Mohammed Almurtadi /Year 2 Dentistry Libyan International Medical University Introduction What Happens ? • Feto-fetal transfusion, known as twin to twin transfusion syndrome( TTTS), one baby will receive too much blood and the other will receive too little , this is due to imbalance blood vessels connection between the placenta and the twins. (1) • Types: Acute : without warning Chronic : more common • In pregnancies affected by TTTS : 1. one twin (donor) send blood to placenta but doesn't receive enough blood back. 2. The other twin (recipient) gets more blood than what was (1, 2) sent to placenta. • In Detrimental effect: the donor is small and deprived of nutrients and oxygen , the recipient has overloaded cardiovascular (1, 2) system. Treatment Depends on severity and babies health. Includes amnioreduction , horizontal rest, nutritional supplement , cervical cerclage and laser surgery. (1) Diagnosis (2) • The most diagnostic feature is ultrasound based on amniotic fluid levels and fetal heart (1, 2) tones. • Other sign is difference in (1, 2) baby’s size. • Progression may lead to “maternal mirror syndrome”. (2) Best used treatment for moderate to severe ( stage III and IV ) TTTS is the laser surgery. (2) Conclusion TTTS is a rare condition occurring in pregnancies when identical twins share a placenta due to abnormal blood vessel connections resulting in uneven blood flow. References 1. GALEA, P. , SCOTT, J. , & GOEL, K. (2014). Feto-fetal Transfusion Syndrome. Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey, 38(7), 421 -422. 2. Moran, P. (2010). Twin-Twin Transfusion Syndrome. The Obstetrician & Gynaecologist, 10(2), 129 -129. http: //dx. doi. org/10. 1576/toag. 10. 2. 129 b. 274 09