FET FET JFET MOSFET MOSFET Introduction The MOSFET

FET

FET JFET MOSFET

MOSFET

Introduction § The MOSFET (metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor) � It is another category of field effect transistor. � the MOSFET differs from the JFET (junction field effect transistor ) � In that it has no p-n junction structure � instead , the gate of the MOSFET is insulated from the channel by the silicon dioxide (SIO 2) layer

Types of MOSFET The two basics of MOSFETs are 1. Depletion MOSFET (D-MOSFET) 2. Enhancment MOSFET (E-MOSFET)

�Because of insulated gate , these devices are sometime called as IGFETs

D-MOSFET

Depletion mosfet � One type of MOSFET is the deplition MOSFET � The drain and source are diffused into the substrate material � then connected by a narrow channel adjcent to the insulated Gate

�Both n-channel and p-channel devices are shown in the figure. � we will use the n-channel devices to describe the basics operation. �The p-channel operation is the same, except the voltage polarities are opposite to those of the nchannel

D-MOSFET types �The D-MOSFET can be operated in either of two modes 1. The depletion mode or 2. The enhancment mode – and it sometimes called as depletion /enhancment MOSFET

DEPLITION MODE �Deplition mode visualize the gate as one plate of a parallel –plate capictor and the channel as the other plate. � the silicon dioxide insulating layer is the dieletric with a negative charges on the gate repel conduction electrons from the channel �leaving positive ions in their places. there by, n-channel is depleted of some of its electrons , thus decreasing the channel conductivity the greater the negative voltage on the gate the greater deplition of n-channel electrons.

ENHANCMENT MODE � With a positive gate voltage , more conduction electron are attracted into the channel , thus increasing the channel conductivity

E-MOSFET

ENHANCMENT MOSFET �The E-MOSFET operates only in the enhancment mode and has no deplition mode. � It refers construction from the D-MOSFET in that it has no structural channel that substrate extends completely to the SIO 2 layer. �For an n-channel by creating a thin layer of negative charge in the substrate region adjacent to the Si. O 2 layer �the conductivity of a channel in enhanced by increasing the gate-to- source voltage and thus pulling more electrons into the channel area. For any gate voltage and thus pulling more electrons into the channel area. for any gate voltage below the threshold value , there is no channel

D-MOSFET , E-MOSFET

Characteristics

�The voltage at which the surface inversion layer just forms plays an extermely important role in FET and is also called as threshold voltage Vtn. �The region of output characteristics where V tn and no GS current is called cutt-off region. � When the channel forms in Nmos (p. MOS) transistor , a positive(negative) drain voltage with respect to source creates a horizontly electricfeild moving the electrons (holes). and drain current coming to transistor. � This continous carrier profile from drain to source are effectively short -circuited.