Fermion Mass and Chirality Polarization of Light xpolarzition

Fermion Mass and Chirality

Polarization of Light

當 x-polarzition 落後 y-polarzition 90°，就會形成Circular Polarized Light

Circular Polarized Light

左手旋 Left-Handed 右手旋 Right-Handed

長久以來，大家都認為物理是鏡射對稱 Parity Symmetric. I do not believe that the Lord is a weak left-hander. I am ready to bet a very large sum. Pauli 一直到 1956年 Parity symmetry is violated (broken) in weak interaction.

Electrons prefer to fly in the direction opposite to Co spin.

Chien-Shiung Wu

The results are shocking to everybody! I do not believe that the lord is a weak left-hander. I am ready to bet a very large sum. Pauli Ten days later…… “ Now after the first shock is over, I began to collect myself again” “I was to give a lecture at 8: 15 PM on the “past and recent history of the neutrino”. At 5: 00 PM the mail brought me three experimental papers. Now where shall I start? It is good that I did not make a bet. ”

What shocks me is not that “God is just left-handed” but the fact that in spite of this he exhibits himself as left/right symmetric when he expresses himself strongly. ” The strong interaction is parity symmetric while the weak interaction is not.

Nobel in just one year.

In a certain sense, a rather complete theoretical structure has been shatter ed at its base and we are not sure how the pieces will be put together! Rabi The symmetry is broken. The problem now is how bad.

Rochester Conference 1957

將所有看起來像弱作用的反應匯總 Is weak interaction S or V or T or A?

It turns out all the suspected weak interactions are indeed one universal interaction and its structure is as simple as possible. It is V-A. It’s Feynman again and 3 others.

It is V-A. It means weak interaction is Chiral. Left-handed fermions act differently from Right handed Fermions. They can’t talk to each other and hence mass is impossible. Fermion Masses require both Left-handed and Right handed Fermions Fermion Masses are forbidden by weak symmetry!

It’s easier to argue from neutrino helicity.

It is found all the neutrinos are all left handed! There is no right-handed neutrino. Left Handed

弱交互作用不是 Isospin SU(2) gauge interaction 而是 Left-Handed Isospin SU(2)L gauge interaction Left-Handed Isospin SU(2)L L W 是 Left-Handed Isospin SU(2)L的規範粒子 ！ L

Left-Handed Isospin SU(2)L自然與 Right-Handed Fermion無關！ R R Singlet W與右旋粒子無作用！ R

左右旋的費米子，弱交互規範作用是不同的。 Weak interaction is Chiral. （弱作用是能分辨左右的） Left-handed fermions act differently from Right handed Fermions. 但…………….

It is Higgs that gives everything its mass!

Vacuum is not trivial!