Fermentation AKA Anaerobic Respiration Quick Review Cellular Respiration

Fermentation (AKA: Anaerobic Respiration)

Quick Review Cellular Respiration: 1) Glycolysis – anaerobic 2) Citric Acid Cycle – aerobic 3) Electron Transport Chain - aerobic Aerobic = requires oxygen Anaerobic = does not require oxygen

Fermentation = Anaerobic Respiration • Occurs when cells have to go without enough oxygen for a short amount of time – – Glycolysis happens as normal Kreb’s cycle and ETC cannot b/c there is no oxygen • Two types of fermentation: 1. Lactic Acid Fermentation 2. Alcoholic Fermentation

Lactic Acid Fermentation • When cells can’t get enough oxygen, the ETC can’t transfer electrons. • Electron carrier FADH 2 can’t dump it’s electrons. . . it’s stuck with them • Electron carrier NADH finds a different way to make ATP: fermentation!

ETC in Mitochondria

Lactic Acid Fermentaion • Glucose is 1 st broken into 2 pyruvate (glycolysis) • 2 NADH are used • Each pyruvate becomes lactic acid • 2 ATP are made *Much debate centers on the role of lactic acid in muscle performance *Lactic acid is eventually converted back to pyruvate in the liver

Lactic Acid Fermentation

Alcoholic Fermentation • Done by yeast and some bacteria • Convert glucose into pyruvate and then into CO 2 and ethyl alcohol • 2 NADH are used • 2 ATP are made

Alcoholic Fermentation