Feminism Based on lectures from Sherry Yang Feminism

+ Feminism Based on lectures from Sherry Yang

+ Feminism n Definition/ History/ Theory n Related Concepts n Common Clashes n Important characterizations

+ What is Feminism? n Feminism is a range of political movements, ideologies, social movements that share a common goal: to define, establish, achieve political, economic, personal and social equality of sexes. n Gender Equality

+ Gender V. S Sex n Sex (male/female): biological determine n Gender (man/woman): social construction n If sex is a biological given, gender is a social construct (Margaret Mead, 1949)

+ Gender V. S Sex n On ne naît pas femme, on le devient. n One is not born a woman, but becomes one” ----Simone de Beauvoir Le Deuxieme Sex

+ Social construction n Aristotle Metaphysics: Pythagorean Table of Opposites Man V. S Woman Light V. S Dark Economic: “Men were stronger, women weaker; men outside, women domestic; men educate children, women nurture them. ” n Modern society (for girls, for female adults)

+ Development of feminism in developed world First Wave Universal suffrage Absolute equality Second Wave Third Wave Take care of differences in color, social status, sexuality. Intersectionality Female Choice Fourth Wave

+ First Wave n Political freedom n Why were women excluded from the vote? n Why did women want the vote?

+ Second Wave (lean-in feminism) n Dealt with social structures n Women found fulfillment outside the home. n Focused on women having equal rights and reaching this goal through legal reform and legislating antidiscriminatory policies. n Women as a group – more powerful than the individual

+ Third Wave (choice feminism) n Broaden goals n Abolish gender role expectations and stereotypes. n Embrace differences, personal narratives, and individualism, instead of all having one agenda (there were exceptions such as anti-rape culture and equal pay).

+ Fourth Feminism n Began around 2012 n Strong connection with social media n Focus on justice for women and opposition to sexual harassment violence against women n #Me Too#

+ Fourth Feminism n THR “lean-in” feminism n (info slide: Lean-In feminism says women ought not: hold back from your career development because of future plans to start a family; adopt traditionally masculine qualities at work e. g. being assertive at meetings; demand that your partner do their fair share of work at home)

+ n This house would pay housewife and househusband. n Housewife n Office lady n Younger generation

+ Other “Forms” of Feminism n Marxist n Socialist n Postmodern n Cultural n Radical n Black

+ Feminism n. Thank you!