Female Reproductive System Chapter 16 Lesson 3 What

Female Reproductive System Chapter 16 Lesson 3

What it Does n Makes eggs (ova, ovum) – Female reproductive cell – About 400, 000 immature eggs present at birth – About 400 eggs will mature during life time n Makes female reproductive hormones – Estrogen & progesterone n Provide a place to support & nourish a developing human n Breast are secondary reproductive organs

Female Parts & Functions n 1) Ovary: (2, one on each side, ovaries) – produces & stores eggs (0. 135 millimeters in diameter, very sharp pencil point) – Produces reproductive hormones estrogen & progesterone n 2) Fallopian tube: – egg travels from ovaries to uterus through fallopian tube – Fertilization occurs here n 3) Uterus: where fetus grows for 9 months, a muscle (aka: womb)

Female Parts & Functions n 4) Vagina: – Intercourse takes place here – Part of “birth canal” & allows menstrual flow to exit – Connects the outside of body to uterus n 5) Cervix: – bottom of uterus – what dilates during labor – cramping occurs here n 6)Vulva – External genitalia – Covers & protect the vaginal opening

Female Parts & Functions n 7) Clitoris: responsible for sexual stimulation n 8) Bladder: stores urine n 9) Urethra: allows urine to leave the body n 10) Anus: opening from the digestive system for eliminating wastes.

Path of the Egg n Egg moves from the ovary -> n 1 of the fallopian tubes -> n uterus -> n cervix -> n exit out the vagina if not fertilized

How the Menstrual Cycle Works n Open to page 454 n Occurs from puberty to menopause n Monthly series of hormone-controlled changes that prepares the uterine lining for a pregnancy – Last ~28 days n Ovulation: ovary release of an egg from a follicle in – 14 th day n Menstruation: out of vagina – 3 -7 days break down & discharge of lining

Maintaining Reproductive Health n Good hygiene, breast self exams & abstinence from sexual activity helps (open to page 455) – Bathe Regularly – Have regular medical exams – Practice abstinence n Breast Self-exams – Mostly in older women but all ages are at risk – Higher risk if runs in family – Treatable if detected early – Lumps (cysts) may occur in breast tissue

Problems with the Female Reproduction System OPEN TO PAGE 456 n Menstrual cramp n Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) n Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) n Endometriosis n STDs n Vaginitis n Ovarian cyst n Cervical, uterine & ovarian cancer

Annual Pelvic Exam n Breast & genital exam n Paps Smear: examines the cells of the cervix – Do this yearly once you start having sex! n Cervical cancer: older women & younger women who are sexual active n Ovarian cancer: – Older women – Hard to detect in early stage