Federalism Unitary System and Confederations Making sense of

Federalism, Unitary System, and Confederations Making sense of the madness!

Ways Government Distribute Power • Federal • Unitary • Confederation

**Now, glue the handout on page R 60 in your ISN Government Distribution of Power Unitary Strong central government Federal Confederation Weaker central government

What type of government has shared power between a central government and state governments?

Federal (Federation) Power is divided between one central and several regional authorities (like states of provinces)

Federation / Federal Ways Government Distributes Power Regional Authority (state, province, or local government) State or Province Central Authority (government over everything) State or Province Notice the arrows go in both directions because the central and regional governments SHARE making laws.

Federation / Federal Regional Authority (state, province, or local government) State or Province Central Authority (government over everything) State or Province Label and draw this system in the middle above the line. Label each circle and draw the arrows going both ways. In the box write “Federal” State or Province

List of countries with Federal Governments Argentina Australia Austria Belgium Bosnia and Herzegovina Brazil Canada Comoros Ethiopia Germany India Malaysia Mexico Micronesia Nigeria Pakistan Russia St. Kitts and Nevis South Africa Spain Switzerland United Arab Emirates United States of America Venezuela (24) Countries in Transition to Federalism Iraq Sudan Countries Considering a Federal System Sri Lanka

Reading for understanding: • In your CRCT prep book, read page 55 about a federal form of government. • When you finish, with your seating partner, complete three questions that follow to check your understanding. Each person should write their own answers on a separate sheet of paper. You have 5 minutes.

Time to check your answers! 120. B 121. B 122. A or D Why?

Unitary Power is held by one central authority.

Unitary Ways Government Distributes Power Regional Authority Central Authority Regional Authority Notice the arrows go in one direction only because the central authority has the power and does not share it with regions. Regional Authority

Unitary Ways Government Distributes Power Regional Authority Central Authority Regional Authority Label and draw this system on the left above the line. Label each circle and draw the arrows going from the Central Authority. Write “Unitary” in the box. Regional Authority

List of Unitary States Afghanistan Albania Abkhazia Algeria Angola Armenia Azerbaijan Bangladesh Belarus Belize Benin Bhutan Bolivia Botswana Brunei Bulgaria Burkina Faso Burundi Cambodia Cameroon Cape Verde Central African Republic Chad Chile People's Republic of China Colombia Congo (Brazzaville) Congo (Kinshasa) Costa Rica Côte d'Ivoire Croatia Cuba Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Djibouti Dominican Republic East Timor Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Equatorial Guinea

List of Unitary States Eritrea Estonia Fiji Finland France Gabon The Gambia Georgia Ghana Greece Grenada Guatemala Guinea-Bissau Guyana Haiti Honduras Hungary Iceland Indonesia Iran Ireland Israel Italy Jamaica Japan Jordan Kazakhstan Kenya Kiribati Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Laos Latvia Lebanon Lesotho Liberia Libya Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Macedonia Madagascar Malawi Maldives

List of Unitary States Mali Malta Marshall Islands Mauritania Mauritius Moldova Monaco Mongolia Montenegro Morocco Mozambique Myanmar Namibia Nauru Netherlands New Zealand Nicaragua Niger North Korea Norway Oman Palau Panama Papua New Guinea Paraguay Peru Philippines Poland Portugal Qatar Romania Rwanda Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Samoa San Marino São Tomé and Príncipe Saudi Arabia Senegal Serbia Seychelles Sierra Leone Singapore Slovakia

List of Unitary States Slovenia Solomon Islands South Africa South Korea Spain Sri Lanka Suriname Swaziland Sweden Syria Republic of China (Taiwan) Tajikistan Tanzania Thailand Togo Tonga Zambia Trinidad and Tobago Zimbabwe Tunisia Turkey Turkmenistan Tuvalu Uganda Ukraine United Kingdom Uruguay Uzbekistan Vanuatu Vatican City Vietnam Yemen

Readingfor forunderstanding: • In your CRCT prep book, read page 53 about a unitary system of government. • When you finish reading, with your seat partner complete three questions that follow to check your understanding (Number three is on the next page!). Each person should write their own answers on the paper from before. You have 5 minutes.

Time to check your answers! 114. C 115. B 116. A

Remember…. • You cannot be a federal system AND unitary. • You can be a democracy and unitary. – Examples: United Kingdom is a democracy because only the central government makes the laws. It does not have states or provinces. • You can be an autocracy (dictatorship) and unitary. – Examples: Cuba’s central government is the only authority that can make laws.

Confederation Ways Government Distributes Power Regional Authority (members of the Confederation) Regional Authority Central Authority Regional Authority

Confederation Ways Government Distributes Power Regional Authority (members of the Confederation) Regional Authority Central Authority Regional Authority Label and draw this system on the right above the line. Label each circle and draw the arrows going from the Regional Authority. Write “Confederation” in the box.

Readingfor forunderstanding: • In your CRCT prep book, work by yourself to read page 54 about a confederation government. • When you finish, complete three questions that follow to check your understanding (Number 119 is on the next page!). You have 5 minutes.

Time to check your answers! 117. D 118. D 119. C

Confederations can be hard to understand. They are usually an organization or alliance such as the European Union or the United Nations. These are groups of countries that come together to work toward a common goal.

Ways Government Distributes Power All key powers are held by the central government Unitary Strong central government State/regional authorities hold most of the power Federal Confederation Weaker central government

Autocratic Oligarchic Dictator rules Small group rules Citizen Participation Government Power General Citizens’ Participation Select Citizens’ Participation Government Power Citizen Participation Government Power How Governments Determine Citizen Participation Democracy Citizens are in charge

Game Time! Make the following gestures when I call out each type of government: 1. Autocratic- Stand with one strong fist in the air and make your best dictator face 2. Oligarchic- Stand in a group with at least three classmates, grab hands, and hold them high in the sky to show that a small group rules 3. Democratic- Stand by yourself with both hands in the sky like you are voting