Federalism Forging a Nation Chapter 3 Federalism National

Federalism: Forging a Nation Chapter 3

Federalism: National and State Sovereignty l The Argument for Federalism l Authority divided into two levels: national and regional l Protects liberty l Moderates government power by sharing l Strengthens the union © 2009 Mc. Graw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. 2

Federalism: National and State Sovereignty l The Powers of the Nation l Enumerated powers l 17 powers secure defense & stable commerce l Supremacy clause l Implied powers l “Necessary and proper” actions government support l Elastic clause © 2009 Mc. Graw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. 3

Federalism: National and State Sovereignty l The Powers of the States l Oversight of local matters: public education and safety l Tenth Amendment: reserved powers © 2009 Mc. Graw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. 4

Federalism as a Governing System: Examples of National, State, and Concurrent Powers © 2009 Mc. Graw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. 5

Federalism in Historical Perspective l An indestructible union (1789 -1865) l The nationalist view: Mc. Culloch v. Maryland (1819) l The states’-rights view: the Dred Scott Decision (1857) © 2009 Mc. Graw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. 6

Federalism in Historical Perspective l Dual federalism and laissez-faire capitalism (1865 -1937) l Dual federalism: separation of national from state power l The Fourteenth Amendment and state discretion l Judicial protection of business: Supreme Court limited national power l National authority prevails, 1937 - © 2009 Mc. Graw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. 7

Federalism in Historical Perspective l Toward national citizenship l Equal civil rights across all states l Fourteenth Amendment l Brown v. Board of Education (1954) © 2009 Mc. Graw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. 8

Federalism Today l Interdependency and intergovernmental relations l Cooperative federalism: shared policy responsibilities l National, state, and local levels work together l Joint funding, administration, and determination of programs © 2009 Mc. Graw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. 9

Federalism Today l Government revenues and intergovernmental relations l Fiscal federalism: federal funds used for state programs l Categorical and block grants l Federal funds restricted to certain state programs l Federal funds for state programs addressed to a general concern © 2009 Mc. Graw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. 10

Federalism Today l Devolution l Shift of power from national government to states l The Republican Revolution l Devolution, judicial style © 2009 Mc. Graw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. 11

The Public’s Influence l Setting the boundaries of federal-state power l Roosevelt’s “New Deal” jobs during the Great Depression l Lyndon Johnson’s “Great Society” increased social services in 1960 s l Republican Revolution rolled back federal authority in 1990 s © 2009 Mc. Graw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. 12