FEDERALISM DEFINITION FederalismSystem of governmemt in which power

FEDERALISM

DEFINITION � Federalism�System of governmemt. in which power is divided between a central/national governement. and several regional government. � Ex. United States: � National government. and state government. � State government and local government.

ARGUMENT � Federalists: � Want strong central gov. ; supported Constitution � Anti-Federalists: � Want power in state gov. ; opposed Constitution

FEDERALISTS � ANTI-FEDERALISTS Strong nat. gov. would: � Unite states into a nation � Foster commercial growth of country � Maintain peace among states and ensure equality to all No Bill of Rights � Too much power in nat. gov. � Limited the significance of voters in choosing President � Feared President/Central Gov. would be too powerful � ARGUMENT

WHO’S WHO? � Federalists: � � James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, John Jay Anti-Federalists: � Sam Adams, Patrick Henry, John Hancock

THE FIGHT FOR RATIFICATION � Needed 9 states’ votes for; Got 9 (NH) in 1788 � Missing Virginia & New York; key states for survival of Constitution � Campaigns to sway opinions/votes within the states � Virginia � Still ratifies need New York � Propaganda escalates

THE FEDERALIST PAPERS � Hamilton, Madison, Jay � 85 essays in support of the Constitution � Published in the newspapers for people to read � Anti-Federalists respond with essays of their own to put down the Constitution

FEDERALIST #10 & #51 � #10: � Dealing �A with Factions- group with a larger group � Advantage of representative gov. rather that pure democracy � #51: � System of Checks & Balances � Branches of gov. Prevents any one branch from becoming too powerful

RATIFICATION � New � 11 York agrees to Constitution (1788) of 13 states ratify (N. Carolina & Rhode Island) � Elect George Washington as President � John � New Adams as Vice Pres. York as temporary capital

SUMMARY � Federalism is a compromise and improvement: � Weakness with Ao. C. is that state gov. are too independent � More powers to Central gov. � Checks & Balances: � Separation of Powers among branches

WHAT DID THEY RATIFY?

CONSTITUTION BASICS � Popular Sovereignty- rule by the people � Federalism- divided gov. power between national (federal) and state gov. � Separation of Powers- power is divided among national gov. � Legislative, Executive, Judicial What do they do?

CONSTITUTION BASICS (CONT. ) � Checks and Balances: -each branch may check (restrain) the others � Prevents any one branch from becoming too powerful � Legislative: �Remove judges & president; override veto � Executive: �Appoints judges; power of veto � Judicial: �Declare acts unconstitutional(Judicial Review) �Executive and Legislative

CONSTITUTION BASICS (CONT. ) � Amendment- a change to constitutional law

SUMMARY � Ratified a document that will “unite” the states and the people � Stronger � Limited central gov. ; weaker state gov: � Separation of Powers � Checks and Balances � Divide Powers between states and federal gov.

POWERS TO…

POWERS TO NATL. GOV. � Enumerated Powers: � Levy taxes set and collect � Borrow money (on credit of the U. S. ) � Regulate commerce among foreign nations & states � Declare war � Raise & maintain military National supremacy- natl. gov. has overall power

POWERS TO STATES � Reserved Powers: � Powers not given to natl. gov. , but not denied to the states, lay to the states (10 th amendment) � Educational systems � Gay marriage � Gun control laws � Death penalty

POWERS TO BOTH � Concurrent � Powers: to tax � Build roads � Create lower courts

ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION � � � Weak nat. gov; strong state gov. Natl. gov. cannot levy taxes Congress cannot regulate commerce No court system Unanimous vote for amendments No protection of rights of individuals CONSTITUTION � � � Strong natl gov. ; weaker state gov. Natl. gov. can levy taxes Nat. gov. can regulate commerce (states & foreign) Judiciary branch 2/3 majority of Congress & ¾ vote of states for amendments No protection of rights WEAKNESSES TO SOLUTION