FEDERAL ROAD SAFETY CORPS FRSC THE NIGERIAN EXPERIENCES

FEDERAL ROAD SAFETY CORPS (FRSC) THE NIGERIAN EXPERIENCES IN ROAD SAFETY AUDIT DURING ROAD DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION & OPERATION 27 & 28 Oct, 2016 by Boboye Oyeyemi, MFR, mni, NPo. M REGIONAL ROAD SAFETY WORKSHOP ABIDJAN: PRACTICES OF ROAD SAFETY AUDIT & BLACKSPOT TREATMENT – Corps Marshal Federal Road Safety Corps, Nigeria

Outline ØRoad Safety Audit (RSA) ØWhy Road Safety Audit ØComposition of Road Safety Audit Team ØStages of Road Safety Audit ØFRSC Guidelines on Road Safety Audit ØFRSC and Road Safety Audit ØFRSC Mandate ØFRSC Vision and Mission Conclusion

Preamble Popul ation: 173. 6 million (2013) Life expect ancy: 52. 11 years (2012) Popul ation growt h rate: 2. 8% annual chang e (2013) National Population Commission Total land Mass: 923, 7 68 m 2 Road densit y: 22. 1 km/sq km GNI per capita: 5, 360 PPP dollars (2013) Total road World Bank netwo rk: 204, 0 00 Official language: English

Total Length of Roads (Km) in Nigeria; 2013 The country’s road network continues to grow due to developments and growth on the economic front and business environment Road Total length in Km Federal Roads 35, 000 State Roads 40, 000 Local Roads 129, 000 Total 204, 000

Road Safety Audit • RSA is a formal examination of a proposed (designed) or existing road in which an independent, qualified examination team or person reports on the road crash potential and safety problems of the road and suggests measures to mitigate identified problems • It is a systematic procedure that brings traffic safety knowledge into road planning and design process to eliminate potentially unsafe road features. It is a formal safety assessment of a road, traffic management scheme, or maintenance project.

Why Road Safety Audit ? RSA is very important for the following reasons: • To ensure that preventable elements of hazards are not present in a completed road scheme • To ensure suitable crash reducing elements are included in a completed road scheme, e. g. providing anti-skid surfacing

Why Road Safety Audit ? . . II • To ensure adequate sight-distance at all times, or provision of road signs or road markings are appropriate • To ensure design errors do not get constructed, thereby eliminating the chances of contributing to subsequent road crashes • To ensure action is taken with respect to existing roads with safety problems that result to crashes and suggest measures to mitigate the problems

Road Traffic Crashes (RTCs) In Nigeria The effect of design and construction of roads without adequate road safety audit increases the safety concerns of roads From 1960 to 2015 FATAL TOTAL SERIOUS MINOR 183, 377 492, 078 Source: FRSC database, PAU analysis 435, 410 TOTAL CASES 1, 115, 683 PERSONS KILLED INJURED 345, 908 785 – 345, 908 Deaths and; – 1, 178, 785 Injuries Since Independence till end of 2015 1, 178, TOTAL CASAUL TY 1, 524, 69 3

Composition of Road Safety Audit Team • RSA is usually carried out by an independent and qualified auditor or team of auditors who identifies potential problems and make recommendations in an RSA report. • The Audit Team are independent of the design team but may be drawn from within the Client team (the road authority), or a consulting firm appointed by the road authority • The audit team includes • Audit Team Leader • Audit Team members

Stages of Road Safety Audit The process of RSA to road scheme consists of the following six stages: • STAGE 1 – PLANNING/FEASIBILITY STUDY • STAGE 2 – PRELIMINARY/DRAFT DESIGN • STAGE 3 – DETAILED/FINAL DESIGN • STAGE 4 - CONSTRUCTION (WORK ZONE) • STAGE 5 – PRE - OPENING • STAGE 6 - OPERATION

FRSC and Road Safety Audit • The Federal Road Safety Commission (FRSC) established by Decree No. 45 of 1988 as amended by Decree No. 35 of 1992 is Nigeria’s Lead Agency for road traffic administration and safety management • The latest amendment to the FRSC enabling law is the promulgation of the FRSC (Establishment) Act, 2007 which repealed the FRSC Act CAP F 19, 2004.

MANDATE • The FRSC critical mandate is road crash prevention and making roads safe for all road users • The lead agency concept as practiced in Nigeria through the FRSC is a model recommended by United Nations (UN) and World Bank (WB) for managing road safety globally • The FRSC as a dedicated lead agency on road safety management in Nigeria conforms to global best practice

VISION AND MISSION • The FRSC Vision is to eradicate road crashes and create safe motoring environment in Nigeria • The Mission of the Corps is to Regulate, Enforce and Coordinate all Road Traffic and Safety Management activities through: • • • Sustained public enlightenment Promotion of stakeholder’s cooperation Robust data management Improved vehicle administration Prompt rescue services Effective patrol operation

Statutory Functions Of FRSC Clearing obstruction on the highway Providing prompt attention & care to victims of RTCs Preventing & minimizing RTCs Statutory Functions of FRSC Cooperating with agencies & groups engaged in road safety activities to prevention to highway RTCs Conducting researches into the causes, effects & methods of preventing RTCs Determining & enforcing speed limits for all categories of roads & vehicles Educating drivers, motorists & other members of the public

FRSC Guidelines on RSA FRSC guidelines is applied at different stages as follows: • Design process: during the feasibility study • Preliminary design stage • Detailed design • Preparation of construction drawings RSA procedures for: • The construction stage • The maintenance period of a road.

Nigerian Critical Road Corridors • Total road network in Nigeria was 204, 183 kilometers • Out of the total road network, 24% are Federal roads classified as critical corridors owing to their roles in connecting the geopolitical zones within Nigeria • These corridors also have inherent potentials for RTCs based on their high traffic volume • FRSC adopted the corridor style of operation to promote wider coverage and effective road safety management culminating in: • Unhindered traffic flow • Reduction in RTCs • Reduction in emergency response time • Coordinated infrastructure safety assessment on the roads

World Bank Safe Corridor Project • The FRSC with funding by the World Bank co-ordinates the Safe Corridor Project which is a Safety Subcomponent of the Federal Roads Development Programme (FRDP) • 6 Corridors were identified as higly crash prone and lacked road safety pre and post-intervention infrastructures to mitigate road fatalities in the country

World Bank Safe Corridor Project…. II Safety Engineering The Six (6) was upgraded to 18 by the Corps Enforcement Implementation of the Emergency Medical Services [EMS] Training, Technical Assistance and Policy Development Public Education and Outreach

Scientific Approach to Crash Reduction ØFRSC Conducts Road Safety Audit on Nigerian roads at different intervals as follows: ØRegular Intervals ØFor Interventions ØOn particular segment of the road ØOn black spots ØOn the entire stretch of the road ØIn conjunction with Federal Ministry of Power, Works and Housing (FMW&H) and State Ministry of Works

PARTNERSHIPS I FRSC Support and collaborate with states in the area of RSA FRSC STATES

NIGERIA ROAD SAFETY STRATEGY (NRSS) 2014 – 2018

Key Roles Of Road Safety Participants…based On Existing Practices e. g. Road Safety Audit Key Activities FG^ SGs* LGs FRSC P P P P FERMA VIO 1 Policies and Legal Framework 2 Road Traffic Management & Control 3 Construction and Management of Roads P P P 4 Maintenance of Roads P P P 5 Road Safety Audits & Assessment P P 6 Enforcement of Traffic Laws P P P 7 Prosecution of Offenders P P P 8 Vehicle Inspection & Certification 9 Driver Testing & Licensing 10 Certification of Driving Schools 11 Awareness and Advocacy P P P 12 Collection of Data & Investigation P P P 13 Funding P P P 14 Provision of post crash services P P NGOs/PS# NPF P P P P P FG ^ – refers to all Ministries, Departments and Agencies (MDAs) of the Federal Government with the exception FRSC, NPF and FERMA SGs* - this refers to state governments and includes state traffic management agencies, state road maintenance agencies and state ambulance services PS# - Private Sector Although responsibility for the enforcement of rules, response to road crashes and collection of data is shared, there’s little cooperation with respect to data sharing and management. This as well as inconsistency in adopted approaches often results in loss of synergy. In addition, activities aimed at improving road safety undertaken by NGOs are often done independently.

Key Roles Of Road Safety Participants…based on Existing Practices e. g. Road Safety Audit

PARTNERSHIPS II • FRSC & FMPWH COLLABORATE TO IMPROVE NIGERIA ROADS Findings and recommendations from technical reports are forwarded to the FMPWH and other responsible authorities for corrective intervention to forestall future occurrences 71 Road Safety Audits were conducted since 2009 FRSC FMPWH

Partnership Outcomes RSA Outcomes • 71 RSA have been conducted - 10 RSA (2009), 5 RSA (2010), 9 RSA (2011), 7 RSA ( 2012), 9 RSA (2013), 6 RSA (2014), 10 RSA (2015 ) and 15 RSA (2016 to date) • RSA report led to the approval by the National Council on Works and also Transport, for states of the Federation to provide separate lanes for non motorized transport i. e. bicycles and pedestrian on new roads. • Received approval of National Council on Works (NCW) in 2014 to conduct RSA on all roads in the Federation. • Drafted National Guideline for conducting RSA, presented to NCW in September, 2016.

Outcomes. . II RSA Outcome • Reintroduction of weighbridges and toll plazas in the country resulting from observed deterioration in state of the nation’s roads • Conduct of RSA jointly with ECOWAS Consultants on Lagos end of Abidjan/Accra ECOWAS route • Under the World Bank facility, trained officers in Birmingham University on road crash investigation to bridge existing gaps. 5 others are set to be trained at Ro. SPA, UK in Road Safety Audit, in November 2016.

Outcomes…III CRASH INVESTIGATION (CI)REPORTS In addition to RSA, other studies crash investigations were carried out by the Corps in a bid to mitigate crashes • 803 CIs have been conducted - 10 CIs (2009), 126 CIs (2010), 138 CIs (2011), 137 CIs ( 2012), 139 CIs (2013), 133 CIs (2014), 68 CIs (2015) and 52 CIs (2016 to date) • CIs Outcomes • Results of the CIs brought about installation of speed limiting device in motor vehicles as a necessary intervention to check speeding while another brought to fore need to check use of sub-standard tyres

Outcomes…IV CIs Outcomes • Result of investigations are now requested for Insurance and legal purposes

Outcomes…V Road Signage Standardization • Safe roads are incomplete without road signs that meet global standards, especially with regards to reflectiveness and visibility at night • The need to provide standard road signs on Nigeria roads necessitated establishment of the Standard Signage Plant by FRSC in 2015. FRSC Signage Plant

Signage at Construction Areas General Warning Sign The Corps ensures that road construction areas are properly secured in terms of visible and highly reflective signs Nigeria Foreign FOREIGN ROAD CONSTRUCTION COMPANIES USE DIFFERENT TYPES OF SIGNS e. g. JBN , RCC contractors carrying out repair jobs along Lagos /Ibadan Highways under repairs. provide German, Israeli types of Construct signs instead of Nigerian Standards confusing the motorists resulting in traffic jam and even road crashes. - FRSC has called the companies to order

Bottom line: RTC Reduction COSEN AT-A-GLANCE ANALYSIS OF CRASH REDUCTION EFFORTS COMPARING INCIDENCE THAT INCREASE TRAFFIC/CRASH 2016 (WEEK 36) 147 WITH 2013, 2014 & 2015 FRSC 2016 GOAL TO REDUCE 2015 (8987 RTC) BY 15 % IN TERMS OF INTERVENTION BY FRSC 2013 RESULT OF RTC 2014 RESULT OF RTC NUMBER RTC CRASHES (i. e. 147 RTC/WEEK ) OPERATION ZERO EASTER SPECIALPATROL 2015 RESULT OF RTC 2016 RESULT OF RTC ENLIGHTENMENT 3 E’s ENGINEERING ENFORCEMENT SOLUTION 147 New Year's Day Good Friday Easter Monday Valentine Day UTME EXAM Worker's Day Rainy Season sets in Children's Day Eid el-Fitr June 12 Independence Day (Sallah) Christmas Day Boxing Day New Year Eve

Intermodal Transport System • 90% of haulage and passenger transportation is done by road. The Corps is advocating for an efficient intermodal transport model to reduce the pressure on the road • Government’s effort at revitalizing the railways has reduced the traffic volume on Abuja- Kaduna corridor thereby reducing road traffic crashes

Gains • Standardization of road traffic signs • Re-aligning and re-construction of identified bad stretch of road • Reduction of the gradients of some routes which have been discovered to be crash prone • Re-design and re-construction of some stretch of roads with blackspots to forestall the reoccurrence of road traffic crash • Installation of road furniture on roads with defects signages

Way Forward…. • Refocus attention on interventions that will reduce fatality on the highways: Note: • Road Safety Audit – a requirement for road funding • Axle loads harmonization & control • Standardization of road signs • Emphasis on road maintenance rather than new construction • Dedication of a pre-identified proportion of cost of new road construction to road safety • User friendly designs – “a total road”approach • Remind Government at all levels and other stakeholders of the need for continuous collaboration to strengthen and expand the scope of action needed to meet the SDG target for road safety in the years ahead.

Conclusion From the Nigerian experience, relative to projected economic growth, the roads will continue to experience increase in vehicular density It is therefore instructive to support road safety improvement initiatives through effective strategies and multi-parnership approaches.