February 1943 End of the Battle of Stalingrad

February 1943 End of the Battle of Stalingrad

Effect n n Prevented Germany from taking over the USSR. Marked the beginning of the Soviet Offensive Millions of Soviets killed. Thirsty for revenge

May 1943 n End of Operation Torch

Effect n Allies control North Africa

Mid 1943 n Battle of the Atlantic

Effect Allowed safe resupply. n Without control of the Atlantic D-Day would have been nearly impossible to pull off n

June 6, 1944 n n D-Day General Dwight D. Eisenhower

Effect n n Allied invasion of Europe German Armies falls back in a chaotic retreat

July 1944 n Liberation of Majdanek

Effect n Proof of Nazi atrocities against the Jews

August 1944 n n Liberation of France U. S. Third Army led by General George Patton

Effect n Ally freed from 4 years of occupation

October 1944 n Capture of Aachen

Effect First German town captured n German Army stops retreating and digs in for defensive warfare n

January 1945 n The Battle of the Bulge

Effect n Hitler exhausts last remaining resources

Americans discover the camps n “I made the visit deliberately, in order to be in a position to give firsthand evidence of these things if ever, in the future, there develops a tendency to charge these allegations merely to ‘propaganda. ’” General Eisenhower

Spring 1945 End of Italian Campaign n Freedom for Italy n Closes off a front n

May 1945 n VE Day

Effect n Surrender of Germany

The War in the Pacific

Japanese Advances

The Commanders n General Douglas Mac. Arthur – Commander of the Allied Forces

The Commanders n n General Douglas Mac. Arthur – Commander of the Allied Forces Admiral Chester Nimitz - Commander of the Naval Forces

The Commanders n n n General Douglas Mac. Arthur – Commander of the Allied Forces Admiral Chester Nimitz - Commander of the Naval Forces Admiral Yamamoto- Commander of Japanese Naval Forces.

Doolittle’s Raid n Morale Booster rather than strategic effect

Battle of the Coral Sea May 1942 n n Japanese had been pushing toward Australia. Aircraft’s role in winning the battle for U. S. marked Navy’s decline in importance

Bataan, Philippines n n General Mac. Arthur Allies hold out 4 months

Bataan Death March April 1942 Surrender of 70, 000 Allied troops Over 11, 000 troops died on the trip 2 out of 3 soldiers died in Japanese custody

The Battle of Midway June 3, 1942 n n Admiral Chester Nimitz Naval Battle Japanese lost 4 aircraft carriers, a cruiser, and 250 planes. Halted a planned invasion of Hawaii

Guadalcanal August 1942 n n Mac. Arthur Japanese defeated for the first time on their own soil.

Kamikaze

Leyte Gulf – October 1944 n n n Mac. Arthur Americans take back the Phillipines Crushing blow to the Japanese

Yalta Conference- February 1945

Iwo Jima Mac. Arthur Of the 20, 700 Japanese troops defending the island only 200 survived

Okinawa Combined forces led by Nimitiz. Over 200, 000 casualties

Japanese Civilians

Manhattan Project- Los Alamos Race to build the Atomic Bomb n Fat Man n Little Boy n J. Robert Oppenheimer n

Bombing of Tokyo

Hiroshima August 6, 1945 n n President Truman authorizes the attack Enola Gay- flown by General Paul Tibbets

Nagasaki August 9, 1945 n 200, 000 died

Japanese Surrender- Tokyo Bay September 2, 1945

United Nations Established n April 1945 San Francisco

Nuremberg Trials Surviving Nazi’s tried for war crimes n Tribunal Headed by Supreme Court Justice Jackson n

The Home Front War ends depression n Economy geared for military output n Automobile factories converted to tank and airplane production n Women moved into the workplace n Demographic shifts n

Women in War

Supporting the troops

Supporting the economy Rosie the Riveter