Feasibility of Powering Manzanilla via a Wind Farm

Feasibility of Powering Manzanilla via a Wind Farm Mickhal Polisher, Edward Cumberbatch, Aneil Ramkhalawan, Jorrel Bisnath, Aatma Maharajh Design and Manufacturing Systems, The University of Trinidad and Tobago, Trinidad and Tobago ICon. ETech-2020, Faculty of Engineering, The UWI, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago

OBJECTIVES • To determine the average power consumption of the area of Manzanilla that is under focus. • To determine if the resource of wind in the area can be used to meet the demand of Manzanilla. • To determine the viability of installing a wind farm in Manzanilla. ICon. ETech-2020, Faculty of Engineering, The UWI, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago

AREA UNDER STUDY Manzanilla - Inclusive of North Manzanilla Road and The eastern main road from the Manzanilla gas station to the coastline ICon. ETech-2020, Faculty of Engineering, The UWI, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago

NUMBER OF STRUCTURES Type Eastern Main Road, Manzanilla North Manzanilla Road, Manzanilla Total Residences 156 79 235 Businesses 29 8 37 Combinations 16 9 25 Totals 201 96 297 ICon. ETech-2020, Faculty of Engineering, The UWI, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago

POWER CONSUMPTION • Initially estimated to be between 8910 k. Wh and 9900 k. Wh based upon total occupancy and electric consumption based on survey. • Information from the TTEC places the actual value at 1 MVA – Measured from 6 am to 6 pm. – Power Factor for system given as 0. 8. • Apparent power consumption of area is 1 MVA • Conversion to Real Power uses Power factor • Real power consumption is 800 k. W over 12 -hour period ICon. ETech-2020, Faculty of Engineering, The UWI, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago

WIND DATA From research: • Minimum wind speed required for turbine spin is 4. 97 mph • Minimum to begin power generation is 7. 82 mph Combination of data gathered from multiple sources – Windfinder. com • Shows Snapshot data – Weatherspark. com • Has wind data measured over a year ICon. ETech-2020, Faculty of Engineering, The UWI, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago

WIND DATA Image from Windfinder. com Snapshot of conditions from the 23 March 2019 at 12: 50 pm. ICon. ETech-2020, Faculty of Engineering, The UWI, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago

WIND DATA Image from Windfinder. com Snapshot of conditions from 22 nd of April 2019 at 6: 35 am ICon. ETech-2020, Faculty of Engineering, The UWI, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago

WIND DATA Wind Data Date Monday April 1 st Tuesday April 2 nd Wednesday April 3 rd Wind Speed 11 mph 13 mph 12 mph Thursday April 4 th Friday April 5 th Saturday April 6 th Sunday April 7 th 10 mph 12 mph 14 mph 13 mph ICon. ETech-2020, Faculty of Engineering, The UWI, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago

WIND DATA Wind Data from Weatherspark. com Darkest line shows average hourly wind speed per month ICon. ETech-2020, Faculty of Engineering, The UWI, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago

WIND DATA FROM THE UK • Data here shows a max of 11. 7 knots and a min of 7. 1 knots. • Converts to a peak of 12. 7 mph and a low of 8. 17 mph. • UK houses the London Array which is one of the biggest offshore wind farms in the world producing 630 MW ICon. ETech-2020, Faculty of Engineering, The UWI, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago

TURBINES Two types: • Horizontal Axis • Vertical Axis Each has their own Advantages and Disadvantages. ICon. ETech-2020, Faculty of Engineering, The UWI, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago

HAWT VS VAWT Horizontal Axis • Requires a fixed direction or adjusting apparatus • Best used in high altitude • Lower drag due to blades turning with the wind Vertical Axis • Non-directional • Lower noise level • Less efficient due to drag • Can use less surface area ICon. ETech-2020, Faculty of Engineering, The UWI, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago

COSTS The Endurance E-3120 • Low end turbine • Capacity of approximately 55 k. W • Listed as £ 250, 000. 00 per unit on many marketplaces Using given power consumption • 16 units required for power consumption rates • Total cost for turbines only £ 4, 000. 00 ICon. ETech-2020, Faculty of Engineering, The UWI, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago

SITE SELECTION In selecting space for farm installation there are options to consider • Offshore – More expensive – Higher overall wind speed • Land based – Lower operating costs – Wind less likely to be constant • Environmental Impact ICon. ETech-2020, Faculty of Engineering, The UWI, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago

ENVIRONMENT OF MANZANILLA • Forested area teeming with wildlife • Red Howler Monkey – Protected under the Conservation of Wildlife Act – Applications for ESS status filed recently ICon. ETech-2020, Faculty of Engineering, The UWI, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago

OFFSHORE DRAWBACKS Manzanilla has many migratory birds in its environment • Installation has a chance of disrupting their patterns or even causing injury. • Additionally, dependent on the height of the installation, flights out to offshore platforms would need to be diverted ICon. ETech-2020, Faculty of Engineering, The UWI, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago

CONCLUSIONS • Wind speeds comparable to other countries with wind farms • Costs could be too high for small community • Environmental impact on wildlife could be high ICon. ETech-2020, Faculty of Engineering, The UWI, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago

THANK YOU! ICon. ETech-2020, Faculty of Engineering, The UWI, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago