FDRs New Deal Essential Questions How did FDRs

FDR’s New Deal

Essential Questions �How did FDR’s response to the Great Depression differ from Hoover’s response?

President Herbert Hoover �Conservative �Belief in the associative state (Hoover Dam) �Created the Reconstruction Finance Corporation Provided loans to financial institutions �Bonus Army fiasco �Loses reelection

Who is Franklin Roosevelt ? �Distant relative of Teddy Roosevelt �Disabled from Polio as a young politician �Became governor of NY in 1929 � 1932 campaign promised public works programs �Won 57% of popular vote and electoral votes in all but six states �Became 32 nd president

Who is Franklin Roosevelt? �Known for his fireside chats �Ideological philosophy: liberal that believed in gov’t intervention to help alleviate suffering �Power team: wife Eleanor Roosevelt

Roosevelt Helps the Banks �Roosevelt declared a bank holiday �Pushed through Emergency Banking Act – gave gov’t the power to review stability of banks �FDR boosts public confidence in banks again �Glass Steagall Act created the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) – gov’t insurance for deposits

First Hundred Days of the New Deal �The First Hundred Days is FDR’s first 100 days in office in which he implemented parts of his New Deal program �New Deal Priorities Relief for suffering Recovery of the economy Reforms to prevent future crisis

Alphabet Soup n Long list of programs which aimed to ease the GD through R, R, and R. n Examples: CCC, WPA, AAA, TVA, PWA, SSA, etc.

Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) �Passed March 1933 �Put men age 18 -25 back to work �Conservation projects like planting trees, improving parks �Lived in army style camps �Sent most of their money back to their families

Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) �Government gives $ to farmers to decrease supply

National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) �Gov’t mandates businesses in the same industry set prices and levels of production �NRA encourages minimum wage, maximum work weeks

Federal Securities Act �Companies must share financial information with public �This helps investors make wise decisions �Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to watch stock market

Talk to your neighbor: � How did President Hoover respond to the Great Depression? �How were the programs that were implemented as part of FDR’s New Deal beneficial for Americans?

Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) �Built dams along the Tennessee River �Dams controlled floods, aided navigation and shipping along the river and provided hydroelectric power

Second New Deal � WPA or Works Progress Administration Built roads, subways, airports, zoos Worked in offices, schools, museums, factories Recorded oral histories Funded efforts of artists, writers, composers, actors At its peak employed 3. 4 million

Social Security Act �Regular payments for people 65 and older FDR signing the Social Security Act

Rural Electrification Act (REA) �Gov’t loaned money to groups trying to bring electricity to rural areas

FDR Reelected by Landside in 1936 � Courts beginning to strike down parts of New Deal as unconstitutional but FDR still popular � Unemployment still high but cut in ½ � Corporate earnings steadily climbing � Significant election: shift in Af-Am voters

The Troubled Court Packing Plan �FDR was frustrated courts had stuck down several New Deal Programs �Told the Congress of his plan to appoint new judges and expand the supreme court to make it more efficient �Most people saw this as an attempt to “pack the court” and ruin the balance of the Separation of Powers �Fortunately for FDR, Supreme Court began ruling in favor of New Deal programs

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