Faults Fault A fracture or break in Earths

Faults

Fault Ü A fracture, or break, in Earth’s lithosphere, where movement occurs.

Stress Ü A force that presses on, pulls on, or pushes against another object.

Earthquake Ü The ground shaking caused by the sudden movement of large blocks of rock around a fault.

What do you think caused this?

Rocks move along faults Ü Most faults are located along tectonic plate boundaries. Ü Very little movement actually happens during an earthquake. Ü Earthquake belt: 80% of earthquakes happen here Ü Around the Pacific Ocean Ü San Andreas fault Ü North American Plate & Pacific Plate come together Ü In California Ü Earthquakes occur in the lithosphere

San Andreas Fault

How Faults are Classified Ü 3 types of faults Ü Normal fault Ü Reverse fault Ü Strike-slip fault Ü Faults are named based off of how rock moves

Normal Faults Ü Stress that pulls rocks apart is what causes this fault. Ü Tension forces Ü Footwall moves upward Ü Hanging wall moves downward

Reverse Faults Ü Caused by rock being pushed together Ü Compression forces Ü Footwall moves downward Ü Hanging wall moves upward

Strike-Slip Fault Ü Rocks move side by side Ü Caused by shearing forces

So how do we get an earthquake? Ü Pressure is applied to rocks Ü Rocks bend and stretch Ü Rocks exceed their elastic limit Ü Rocks break, causing an earthquake