FASCISM V COMMUNISM Benito Mussolini Josef Stalin Totalitarianism

FASCISM V COMMUNISM

Benito Mussolini Josef Stalin

Totalitarianism - Government that has total, centralized control over every aspect of public and private life. The individual serves the state.

• One political party • Cult of personality • Government control of military, education, communications, and economy, • Censorship • Secret police

Two Types of Totalitarianism-differ in ideology, similar in structure Fascism (Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany) Communism (Soviet Union)

During the 1920 s, Italy turned to fascism as a means to settle its problems.

Fascism- form of totalitarianism based on a nationalist dictator • anti- rational • spirit/will more important than mind • Nationalism • Racism is moral standard

Benito Mussolini-The first fascist of Italy- Il Duce Fascist Party Leader Early Career journalist socialist

Keys to Fascist Success • support of nonworking class • support of capitalism and church • law and order • anti- communism • anti- democracy • “Black Shirts”

Mussolini’s Government 1922 March on Rome support of King Social Economic Policy Syndicates- government based on industrial class Police State Restore Roman Empire. Invasion of Ethiopia 1935

After the death of Lenin, Joseph Stalin seized power and transformed Russia into a totalitarian state

Stalin became the leader by creating and breaking alliances, imprisoning, or executing his rivals. • Trotsky=worldwide revolution • Stalin= revolution in one country • Stalin wins, exiles Trotsky

Communism Form of socialism in which a single political party employs totalitarian methods to create a powerful state in the name of “the people”-also called Stalinism

Five-Year plans • forced, rapid industrial growth at expense of consumer goods and economic freedom • a stronger national defense • modernization of Soviet economy