Facts about Jamestown First permanent English Colony in

Facts about Jamestown • First permanent English Colony in 1607. • Almost didn’t survive because people searched for gold rather than growing crops. • John Smith said no work then no food. • Tobacco was the crop that saved the day as it became popular in Europe. • House of Burgesses was the first representative government in the English Colonies.

Facts about Plymouth • Pilgrims came searching for religious freedom. • Mayflower Compact (1620) – People agreed to talk about laws and make laws that were best for the good of the settlement. • Thanksgiving holiday.

New England Colonies • New Hampshire • Massachusetts • Connecticut • Rhode Island

Middle Colonies • New York • Pennsylvania • New Jersey • Delaware

Southern Colonies • Maryland • Virginia • North Carolina • South Carolina • Georgia

The biggest thing which determines the culture of a group is the geography of the area.

Farming in the New England Colonies Geography Subsistence farming – grew only enough for their family

Farming in the Middle Colonies Geography Cash crop farming – grew wheat, barley, and rye to sell for a profit. Called the “Breadbasket Colonies”

Farming in the Southern Colonies Geography Plantation farming – grew rice, indigo, tobacco as cash crops. Used slaves on plantations

Jobs in the New England Colonies Geography Subsistence farming, shipbuilding, whalers, fishermen, lumber

• Tidewater • Backcountry • Near the Atlantic Ocean • Rich • Plantations • Lots of slaves • Rice and indigo • Ruling class • Near Appalachian Mountains • Poor farmers • Democratic – all people are equal • Small farmers • Few slaves

Founders • • Maryland Pennsylvania Virginia Georgia New York Rhode Island Connecticut Massachusetts • • Lord Baltimore William Penn John Smith James Oglethorpe Peter Minuit (NY Minute) Roger Williams Thomas Hooker William Bradford John Winthrop

Education • Puritan children in New England went to public schools where they were taught to read the Bible. • Rich Middle Colony children were able to attend private schools. • Since the Southern Colonies were so spread out it was difficult to make a school where kids could get to it so most rich kids had tutors stay at their plantations.

Religion • New England • Puritans in Massachusetts. Little religious tolerance. • Middle Colonies • Quakers in Pennsylvania. All people were equal in God’s eyes. • Southern Colonies • Catholics in Maryland. Act of Toleration allowed many religions to practice their beliefs.

Important Cities • New England - Boston • Middle – New York and Philadelphia • Southern - Charleston

Slavery Terms • Middle passage • Slave trip from Africa to the colonies. Very poor conditions. • Slave codes • Laws limiting the rights of slaves. Slaves were not allowed to read. • Most slaves were found in the Southern Colonies.

Trade Terms • • • import Goods leaving a country. export Goods entering a country. Mercantilism Theory that states a country became strong by increasing its trade (exports). • Navigation Acts • Regulated trade between England the colonies with the goal of making England richer.

Triangular Trade

Vocabulary Terms • • legislature Lawmaking body such as the House of Burgesses Indentured servant Person who agreed to work 4 -7 years in exchange for their trip to the colonies being paid for. This was too expensive. apprentices People who learned a trade through on the job training. Town meetings Meetings in New England to discuss the laws

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