FACIAL BONES Iva Medi 2 nd year 201314

FACIAL BONES Iva Medić, 2 nd year 2013/14 Mentor: A. Žmegač Horvat

SKULL cranial bones + facial bones (viscerocranium)

Facial bones nasal bones lacrimal bones Sinuses frontal sphenoid maxillary ethmoid maxillary bones mandibular bone zygomatic bone vomer Various deformities

NASAL BONES support the bridge of the nose part of the nasal septum

LACRIMAL BONES in corners of eyes contain indentations for the lacrimal sac

MAXILLARY BONES (MAXILLA) compose the upper jawbone + alveoli for teeth joined by a suture cleft palate

primary + permanent teeth

MANDIBULAR BONE lower jawbone + alveoli for teeth forms temporomandibular joints (TMJ)

ZYGOMATIC BONES form the high portions of cheeks

VOMER lower part of the nasal septum

Facial bones nasal bones lacrimal bones Sinuses frontal sphenoid maxillary ethmoid maxillary bones mandibular bone zygomatic bone vomer Various deformities

SINUS a sack or cavity in any organ or tissue paranasal four paired air filled spaces around the nasal cavity maxillary sinuses above the eyes frontal sinuses between the eyes ethmoid sinuses behind the ethmoid sphenoid sinuses

X-ray image of the paranasal sinuses

INFLAMMATION OF THE SINUSES connected to the nasal cavity and teeth ways for infection to spread treatment: decongestants ((nor)epinephrine) constriction of blood vessels; corticosteroids

CLEFT LIP/ CLEFT PALATE separation of the parts of the lip or roof of the mouth usually joined together during the early weeks of development the two sides of the palate do not fuse as the fetus develops often occurs without any previous family history factors that are known to increase the risk: smoking or drinking during pregnancy

FACIAL PALSY (PARALYSIS) partial or total loss of function of the muscles for facial expression inability to smile or laugh, or express any facial movement damaged facial nerve or its nucleus, due to trauma or a tumor

GLOBAL DATABASE ON CRANIOFACIAL ANOMALIES - IN CROATIA AND THE WORLD cleft lip without cleft palate: 6. 31 (rate per 10000) cleft palate with or without cleft lip: 6. 31 cleft palate with or without cleft lip: (rate per 10000) Canada – 25. 31 Finland – 14. 31 France – 7. 18 USA – 4. 53

JOAQUIN PHOENIX – MICROFORM CLEFT microform cleft – very narrow cleft the scar develops before the child is born Gladiator (2000)

REFERENCES Atlas of Human Amatomy, R. D. Sinelnikov, Vol 1, Musculoskeletal system The Language of Medicine, D. E. Chabner, Musculoskeletal system http: //www. littlebabyface. org/index. php/about/facialdeformities/ http: //www. us. elsevierhealth. com/media/us/samplechapt ers/9780443072116. pdf http: //www. who. int/genomics/anomalies/en/ZZAnnex. pdf