F WCOPFOR DECEPTION OPNS BATTLE COMMAND TRAINING PROGRAM

F WCOPFOR DECEPTION OPNS BATTLE COMMAND TRAINING PROGRAM COMBINED ARMS. . . DECISIVE VICTORY 19 MAY 98 1

F DECEPTION “The creation of illusions is not magical, or mystical, but is a hint of suggestion, an understanding of human nature, relatively simple technical manipulations, and the fulfillment of carefully planted expectations. . . The application of deception depends on the same nonmystical elements but is potentially fatal for the one awed and surprised. ” Soviet Operational Deception: The Red Cloak, by: LTC Richard N. Armstrong BATTLE COMMAND TRAINING PROGRAM COMBINED ARMS. . . DECISIVE VICTORY 2

F PRINCIPLES OF OPERATIONAL ART • MOBILITY • SPEED • FLEXIBILITY • INITIATIVE • CONCENTRATION OF MAIN EFFORT • SURPRISE • MASKIROVKA (INFORMATION WARFARE) • PRESERVATION OF COMBAT EFFECTIVENESS • EFFECTIVE COORDINATION BATTLE COMMAND TRAINING PROGRAM COMBINED ARMS. . . DECISIVE VICTORY 3

F U. S. DECEPTION (FM 90 -2) • TARGET: ENEMY COMMANDER • OBJECTIVE: WHAT YOU WANT THE ENEMY CDR TO DO (ACTION/NONACTION) • STORY: WHAT YOU WANT THE ENEMY CDR TO PERCEIVE – MUST BE BELIEVABLE; VIABLE COURSE OF ACTION – MUST BE COLLECTABLE BY THE ENEMY ° HUMINT/COMINT/IMINT/ELINT • MEANS: REQUIRES DEDICATED RESOURCES (ALL BOS) – HIDE THE REAL PLAN ° SECURITY/COMSEC/OPSEC • ASSESS: WHAT INDICATORS IDENTIFY THE ENEMY CDR BOUGHT THE STORY? DECEPTION IS A COMBAT MULTIPLIER BATTLE COMMAND TRAINING PROGRAM COMBINED ARMS. . . DECISIVE VICTORY 4

F WCOPFOR PLANNING PROCESS 1. ANALYZE MISSION, ALLOCATED FORCES & MEANS. 2. ANALYZE BATTLE SPACE; TERRAIN & WEATHER. 3. ANALYZE THE ENEMY: A. FORCES AND MEANS B. COMMANDER, UNIT COMMANDERS & STAFF C. DETERMINE PREDISPOSITIONS, FIGHTING STYLE 4. DETERMINE OPTIMAL COA; THE DECEPTION (S. E. ). 5. DETERMINE A VIABLE, SUB-OPTIMAL COA (M. E. ). 6. RESOURCE THE PLAN. BATTLE COMMAND TRAINING PROGRAM COMBINED ARMS. . . DECISIVE VICTORY 5

PL JAGUAR F COMMANDER’S MAP (C-HOUR) PL HYENNA PL GATOR PL FOX 314 PL FALCON PL EAGLE 311 31 0 312 PL DOG PL CAT (LD/LC) PL BULL X X X BATTLE COMMAND TRAINING PROGRAM COMBINED ARMS. . . DECISIVE VICTORY X 6

F WCOPFOR DECEPTION TARGET: CDR, 52 ID. OBJECTIVE: CDR, 52 ID COMMITS MAIN EFFORT, TO THE WEST, IN THE SECURITY ZONE, AND DEEP STRIKE ASSETS AGAINST DECOY ARTILLERY AND ARMOR UNITS. STORY: 31 MRD DEFENDS IN TWO ECHELONS. 1 st ECHELON ALONG PL EAGLE, 2 nd ECHELON IS ALONG PL FOX. 31 MRD IS ACCEPTING RISK WITH A BTR REGIMENT IN THE WEST. THE DEFENSE IS WEIGHTED IN THE EAST WITH ARMOR, ARTILLERY, ENGINEER GROUPINGS, AND 312 MRR IS THE MAIN EFFORT. MEANS: 311, 310 AND 312 MRRs POSITION ALONG PL EAGLE, CO-LOCATED WITH DECEPTION REGTs, TO SHOW A FALSE MDL. O/O, 311, 310 AND 312 MRR INFILTRATE (RLS), TO FIGHTING POSITIONS PER CDR’s MAP. DECEPTION 310, 311 & 312 STRONGPOINT PL EAGLE. ARMOR, ARTILLERY, AIR DEFENSE AND ENGINEER GROUPINGS SUPPORT THE DECEPTION OF WEAKNESS IN THE WEST AND MDL ALONG PL EAGLE. BATTLE COMMAND TRAINING PROGRAM COMBINED ARMS. . . DECISIVE VICTORY 7

PL JAGUAR F COMMANDER’S MAP (C-HOUR) PL HYENNA PL GATOR PL FOX 314 PL FALCON PL EAGLE 311 31 0 312 PL DOG PL CAT (LD/LC) PL BULL X X X BATTLE COMMAND TRAINING PROGRAM COMBINED ARMS. . . DECISIVE VICTORY X 8

COMMANDER’S MAP F PL HYENNA 52 ID CROSSES PL DOG (C+13) 314 PL GATOR PL FOX 31 1 31 0 PL FALCON PL EAGLE 31 2 311 310 312 PL DOG X X PL CAT X BATTLE COMMAND TRAINING PROGRAM COMBINED ARMS. . . DECISIVE VICTORY X 9

COMMANDER’S MAP F PL HYENNA LEAD BDE ON PL FALCON (C+24) 314 PL GATOR PL FOX 31 1 314 31 0 PL FALCON 31 2 X PL EAGLE X 312 X X PL DOG BATTLE COMMAND TRAINING PROGRAM COMBINED ARMS. . . DECISIVE VICTORY PL CAT 10

COMMANDER’S MAP F PL HYENNA MAIN DEFENSE ON PL FOX (C+30) 314 PL GATOR PL FOX 31 1 314 31 0 X PL FALCON 31 2 X PL EAGLE X 312 X PL DOG BATTLE COMMAND TRAINING PROGRAM COMBINED ARMS. . . DECISIVE VICTORY PL CAT 11

F ARTILLERY FORCES & MEANS AGRA 2 175 ROCKET BDE(-) 2 BN 175 ROCKET (9 A 52) 3 BN 175 ROCKET (9 A 52) AGRA 1 1 BN 175 RKT BDE ( HQ 175 RKT BDE) 1 BT 175 RKT (9 A 52) ( 1 BN 175 RKT) 2 BT 175 RKT (9 A 52) ( 2 BN 175 RKT) 3 BT 175 RKT (9 A 52 ( 3 BN 175 RKT) DAG 2 31 ART REGT 2 BN 31 ART BN (2 S 3) 3 BN 31 ART (2 S 3) 2 BN 3 GUN BDE (2 S 5) 31 MRL BN (-) (BM 21) DAG 1 1 BN 31 ART ( HQ 31 ART REGT) 1 BT 31 ART BN (2 S 3) ( 1 BN 31 ART) 2 BT 31 ART BN (2 S 3) ( 2 BN 31 ART) 3 BT 31 ART BN (2 S 3) ( 3 BN 31 ART) 1 BT 31 MRL (BM 21) ( 31 MRL BN) 314 TR ART 314 TR (2 S 1) 1 BN 311 MRR ( 311 MRR) ART 311 MRR (D 30) 1 BN 310 MRR ( 310 MRR) ART 310 MRR (2 S 1) ENEMY 1 BN 312 MRR ( 312 MRR) ART 312 MRR (D 30) BATTLE COMMAND TRAINING PROGRAM COMBINED ARMS. . . DECISIVE VICTORY 12

F MANEUVER FORCES & MEANS 1 BN 314 TR ( 311 MRR) 1 CO 314 TR ( 1 BN 314 TR) 2 CO 314 TR ( 2 BN 314 TR) 3 CO 314 TR ( 3 BN 314 TR) 3 PLAD 314 ( 1 BT 314 AD) 6 PLAD 314 ( 2 BT 314 AD) 1 RECCE PLT 314 311 MRR(-) 310 MRR(-) 1 BN 311 MRR ( 311 MRR) 1 CO 311 MRR ( 1 BN 311 MRR) 2 CO 311 MRR ( 2 BN 311 MRR) 3 CO 311 MRR ( 3 BN 311 MRR) 1 CO TK 311 ( TK 311 MRR) 3 PLAD 311 ( 1 BT 311 AD) 6 PLAD 311 ( 2 BT 311 AD) ART 311 MRR RECCE CO 311 ENEMY 314 TR 2 BN 314 TR 3 BN 314 TR ART 314 TR AD 314 TR(-) RECCE CO (-) 314 31 AT BN 312 MRR(-) 1 BN 312 MRR ( 312 M RR) 1 BN 310 MRR ( 310 MRR) 1 CO 310 MRR ( 1 BN 310 MRR) 1 CO 312 MRR ( 1 BN 312 MRR) 2 CO 310 MRR ( 2 BN 310 MRR) 2 CO 312 MRR ( 2 BN 312 MRR) 3 CO 310 MRR ( 3 BN 310 MRR) 3 CO 312 MRR ( 3 BN 312 MRR) 1 CO TK 312 ( TK 312 MRR) 1 CO TK 310 ( TK 310 MRR) 3 PLAD 312 ( 1 BT 312 AD) 3 PLAD 310 ( 1 BT 310 AD) 6 PLAD 312 ( 2 BT 3102 AD) 6 PLAD 310 ( 2 BT 310 AD) ART 310 MRR RECCE CO 312 RECCE CO 310 BATTLE COMMAND TRAINING PROGRAM COMBINED ARMS. . . DECISIVE VICTORY 13

F PERCEPTION OF U. S. DECEPTION • NOT PLANNED; AN AFTERTHOUGHT • WHEN DONE; NO TARGET, OBJECTIVE, PLAUSABLE STORY • “CAN’T DO IT”: -A DRAIN OF RESOURCES; NOT. . . A COMBAT MULTIPLIER -HURTS SUPPORTING EFFORT; NOT. . . ACCEPTING RISK -SACRIFICES UNITS; NOT. . . . . FORCE PROTECTION -EATS PLANNING TIME; NOT. . . . ENABLES SURPRISE -LIMITS FLEXIBILITY; NOT. . . . GAINING THE INITIATIVE -G-2 RESPONSIBILITY; NOT. . . . COMMANDER & OPNS BATTLE COMMAND TRAINING PROGRAM COMBINED ARMS. . . DECISIVE VICTORY 14

F DECEPTION INFORMATION WARFARE (IW). . “IS A LEGITIMATE TOOL TO HASTEN CHANGE BOTH IN PEACE AND WAR. IT ASSUMES A MORAL CHARACTER SOMEWHAT ALIEN TO WESTERN DEMOCRATIC CONCEPTS WHICH VIEW DECEPTION AS IMMORAL, AKIN TO LYING. AS A RESULT, AMERICANS EITHER RESORT TO DECEPTION RELUCTANTLY, OR DO IT POORLY. ” Soviet Military Deception in WW II by David Glantz BATTLE COMMAND TRAINING PROGRAM COMBINED ARMS. . . DECISIVE VICTORY 15