Extracting Chlorophyll Using paper chromatography The chemical formula

Extracting Chlorophyll Using paper chromatography The chemical formula for water = H 2 O Hydrogen = H H 2 = 2 atoms of Hydrogen Oxygen = O H 2 O

Extracting Chlorophyll Using paper chromatography The chemical formula for carbon dioxide = CO 2 Carbon = C Oxygen = O O 2 = 2 atoms of Oxygen CO 2

Extracting Chlorophyll Using paper chromatography Scientists write equations to show chemical reactions The formation of water from hydrogen and oxygen is written as: 2 H 2 + O 2 2 H 2 O + energy

Extracting Chlorophyll Using paper chromatography Scientists write equations to show chemical reactions 2 H 2 + O 2 Two molecules of water are formed 2 H 2 O + energy Energy is released

Extracting Chlorophyll Using paper chromatography The most important chemical reaction in the world is… PHOTOSYNTHESIS The chemical reaction for photosynthesis is 6 CO 2 + 6 H 2 O + energy C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2

Extracting Chlorophyll Using paper chromatography PHOTOSYNTHESIS Carbon Dioxide 6 CO 2 + 6 H 2 O + energy Water Sunlight Sugar C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2 Oxygen

Extracting Chlorophyll Using paper chromatography PHOTOSYNTHESIS Plants possess a light trapping molecule called Chlorophyll

Extracting Chlorophyll Using paper chromatography PHOTOSYNTHESIS Chlorophyll Captures light energy and uses it to make food Gives leaves their green color

Extracting Chlorophyll Using paper chromatography PHOTOSYNTHESIS Chlorophyll Gives leaves their green color Comes in many colors and two forms Chlorophyll a Chlorophyll b

Extracting Chlorophyll Using paper chromatography PHOTOSYNTHESIS Chlorophyll a Chlorophyll b Both forms absorb different wavelengths of light

Extracting Chlorophyll Using paper chromatography PHOTOSYNTHESIS Chlorophyll In this paper chromatography experiment Chlorophyll a Will appear as a bright yellow-green band Chlorophyll b Will appear as a dull green band

Extracting Chlorophyll Using paper chromatography Accessory Pigments that help transfer light to the chlorophyll Carotene Will appear as an orange band Xanthophyll Will appear as a yellow band Anthocyanin Will appear as a redbrown band (acts as plant sunscreen)

Extracting Chlorophyll Using paper chromatography Materials Filter paper cut into strips Pennies Straw or stirrer Beaker Rubbing alcohol Tape Ruler Plant leaves

Extracting Chlorophyll Using paper chromatography Procedure Draw a line across the paper strip, 2 cm from one end Place the leaf you want to test on top of the filter paper strip, remembering where the line is

Extracting Chlorophyll Using paper chromatography Procedure Using the edge of a penny, trace the penny across the leaf right on top of where you drew the line Push down hard enough to leave a green smear on the paper on top of the pencil mark

Extracting Chlorophyll Using paper chromatography Procedure Repeat 2 more times with fresh sections of leaf to make the smear darker Try to keep the smear as close to the original pencil line as possible

Extracting Chlorophyll Using paper chromatography Procedure Fill the beaker to a depth of 1 cm with rubbing alcohol Carefully lower the filter paper strip, green smear end in first, into the beaker until the bottom just touches the alcohol

Extracting Chlorophyll Using paper chromatography Procedure Make sure that the green smear does not actually touch the alcohol, only the tip of the paper Lay the stick across the mouth of the beaker like a bridge from one edge to the other

Extracting Chlorophyll Using paper chromatography Procedure Tape the filter paper strip to the stick so that the paper is held in place just touching the alcohol but not touching the sides of the beaker

Extracting Chlorophyll Using paper chromatography

Extracting Chlorophyll Using paper chromatography Procedure Wait. The alcohol should gradually move up the paper, bringing many of the pigments along with it Remove the stick and paper when the alcohol has almost reached the stick

Extracting Chlorophyll Using paper chromatography Procedure Mark how far up the paper the alcohol traveled with a pencil Determine how many bands of pigment you have, what color they are, and measure how far each band traveled from the origin line

Extracting Chlorophyll Using paper chromatography Procedure Identify the pigments you found based on their colors Draw a color chart of what you found Prepare a report out for the class