Extinction of our Last Rivals Homo Neanderthalensis Levi

Hypothesis Models • What led to the extinction of Homo Neanderthalensis? – Disease Model

Disease Model Wolff & Greenwood • Cannibalism – Kuru • Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies –

Interbreeding Model R. E. Green, et al. • Human. Neanderthal hybrid • European ancestry

Genocide Model • Competitive disadvantages – Shorter legs – Larger joints • Friction •

Renewable Resources Competition Model J. R. Faria Coexistence Extinction Human Population Trap d an

Conclusion “There was nothing inevitable about the triumph of the Moderns, and a twist

Bibliography • Faria, J. R. 2000. What happened to the Neanderthals? – The survival

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Extinction of our Last Rivals, Homo Neanderthalensis Levi Johnston

Hypothesis Models • What led to the extinction of Homo Neanderthalensis? – Disease Model – Interbreeding Model – Genocide Model – Competition Model

Disease Model Wolff & Greenwood • Cannibalism – Kuru • Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies – “Mad Neanderthal Disease”

Interbreeding Model R. E. Green, et al. • Human. Neanderthal hybrid • European ancestry – Up to 4% genomic similarity

Genocide Model • Competitive disadvantages – Shorter legs – Larger joints • Friction • Heavier http: //mathildasanthropologyblog. wordpress. com – Thicker bones

Competition Model

Renewable Resources Competition Model J. R. Faria Coexistence Extinction Human Population Trap d an Ne o al P h ert n tio la pu

Conclusion “There was nothing inevitable about the triumph of the Moderns, and a twist of Pleistocene fate could have left the Neanderthals occupying Europe to this day. ” -Dr. Stringer & Dr. Gamble

Bibliography • Faria, J. R. 2000. What happened to the Neanderthals? – The survival trap. Intl. Review for Social Sciences. 63: 151 -172. • Green, R. E. , et al. A draft sequence of the Neanderthal genome. Science. 328: 710 -722. • Smith, F. H. , I. Jankovic, and I. Karavanic. 2005. The assimilation model, modern human origins in Europe, and the extinction of Neandertals. Quaternary Intl. 137: 7 -19. • Stringer, C. , and W. Davies. 2001. Those elusive Neanderthals. Nature. 413: 791 -792. • Tattersal, I. , and J. H. Schwartz. 1999. Hominids and hybrids: The place of Neanderthals in human evolution. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 96: 7117 -7119. • Wolff, H. , and A. D. Greenwood. 2010. Did viral disease of humans wipe out Neandertals? . Medical Hypotheses. 75: 99 -105.