Exploring EIC Detector Concepts Exploring EIC detector concepts

Exploring EIC Detector Concepts Exploring EIC detector concepts Rik Yoshida Temple EIC UG Meeting 11/30/17

What this meeting is about • From past experience: after its establishment, the EIC laboratory will likely solicit detector proposals from the community. • Existing detector concepts will certainly play a major role in this process. • However, detector ideas will, and should, develop in the coming years. In the end, the detector(s) we will build—in my view—will be very different from the current concepts. • There is plenty of scope for new ideas and contributions—from specific sub-detectors to entire detector concepts. • I’ll compare the existing detectors first: they are based on the same concepts • Then I’ll present one way of rethinking the EIC detector. • There are likely many other ways of rethinking the detector. . the idea is to stimulate your thoughts for the discussion following—and also tomorrow. EIC Detector Concepts 2

Current Reference Detectors Jefferson Lab Concept • Vertex detectors: silicon pixel/strip • Tracking: TPC, Drift chambers (streamer tubes? ) supplemented by GEM, Micromegas • Calorimetry: PW 0 in certain areas (electron direction, hadron direction (pi 0/e)). Sampling calorimeters elsewhere. • Particle ID: DIRC, RICH, TRD? , Hadron-blind detector, Timing (Argonne) EIC Detector Concepts 3

Far-forward Detection Extended detector: 80+ m Roman pots with position sensors. Zero Degree Calorimeter EIC Detector Concepts 4

Exploring different detector technologies. . Time-of-propagation Counter (TOP) Straw tube central tracker DIRC alternative PANDA TRD alternative Belle II (Charles Hyde short report ) Other ideas? Silicon TRD (Julia Furletova short report) EIC Detector Concepts Can we do more? Different philosophy in designing the whole detector? 5

Hadron colliders and the partonic center-of-mass system X 1 X 2 Heavy Ions (both) Highest Pt Events (Central) b quarks (Forward) EIC Detector Concepts X 1/X 2 determines where the final state goes. 6

What about EIC: are we optimized for the physics we want to do? Electrons EIC Detector Concepts Struck quark 7

Low-x events at EIC Highly asymmetric collision at the parton level Eelectron_beam Since x 0, energy is tending to 0 at x = 10 -4 -5 Beam Energy ~10 Ge. V Parton energy ~ 10 Me. V Where does the final state go? EIC Detector Concepts 8

Final State Configuration for EIC Low-x events y ~ 1 (lowest x) electron energy < Ebeam Relatively high angle 10 Ge. V total “remnant”, p for diff. y ~ 0. 1 (same Q 2, somewhat larger x) 10 Ge. V total “remnant”, p for diff. electron energy ≈ Ebeam Low angle Left side is essentially fixed target kinematics EIC Detector Concepts 9

If we just wanted to do Low-x physics: Specialized detector CAL? Part ID? Dipole Field No Field Proton (remnant) far forward det. Tracker/TRD We’re only reconstructing ~10 Ge. V worth of particles -and the diffractive forward state. EIC Detector Concepts 10

EIC High-x Configuration Highly asymmetric collision at the parton level (the other way) Parton carrying x. Eproton_beam Eelectron_beam Since x ->1, this is like the beam energy Parton energy ~100 Ge. V Electron Beam ~10 Ge. V Where does the final state go? EIC Detector Concepts 11

High-x measurements at EIC High-x uncertainties and LHC searches Dynamical Symmetry Breaking Pion/Kaon structure at high-x and origin of mass Many other reasons to do high-x at EIC Detector Concepts 12

EIC Final State at High-x Need a very precise measurement to get x Most of the time: Eelectron ≅ Eelectron_beam θ ~ Q 2 beamline E jet Eproton_beam This is hard to measure: a jet close to beam pipe This is why HERA measurement have big bins for high-x Can we do better at LHe. C and EIC? Yes. . in principle. . EIC Detector Concepts 13 =X

Improve Hadron side measurement? High Granularity Particle-flow Calorimeter No Field Dipole Field Pb-Sci calorimeter electron Θ Proton beam electron beam Ejet Tracker/TRD Electron is “always” 10 Ge. V: use TRD to ID, use conventional calorimeter. Measure angle to get Q 2. Jet energy needs to be measured as well as possible for x: use particle flow. 30%/root(E)? If so 3 -5% resolution on x (0. 5 to 1) EIC Detector Concepts 14

Electron Solution? How well does the electron need to be measured? Tracking? “Dipole” PWO calorimeter? electron Θ electron beam Proton beam Ejet Tracking solutions? For L = 1. 5 m, B = 1 T and p= 10 Ge. V s ≈ 10 mm so 100 um measurement of s gives a ~1% measurement of p at 10 Ge. V. (Needs checking!) Tracker/TRD Calorimeter solution? Pb. W ~ 3%/√E and 1 -2% constant term? Absolute calibration? Difficult but not impossible? EIC Detector Concepts 15

“Caldwell Detector” 2004 Proposal for Lox-x/High-x detector for EIC https: //arxiv. org/pdf/hep-ex/0407053. pdf EIC Detector Concepts 16

Low-x/High-x detector for EIC (second interaction point? ) PWO Part ID Proton (remnant) far forward det. VXD? Tracker/TRD Probably could be built inexpensively Dipole Field Background rejection? How does the electron beam get through the dipole field? ~2 Tm EIC Detector Concepts 17

Specialized detectors at 2 nd interaction point? Or perhaps improve a general detector using high/low-x detector concepts? EIC Detector Concepts 18

LHe. C Detector LHe. C detector adds the central and high/low-x detector together. Can we do the same at the EIC? EIC Detector Concepts 19

Adding High/Low-x Enhancement to the main detector? HCAL dipole solenoid EM VTX +Tracking EM TOP GEM Tracker HCAL EIC Detector Concepts 20

A Couple of Obvious Issues Can we live with the smaller central tracking volume? Can we get the electron beam though the dipoles? For L = 0. 5 m, B = 1. 5 T and p= 10 Ge. V s ≈ 5 mm so 50 um measurement of s gives a ~1% measurement of p at 10 Ge. V. Mg. B 2 Shield Prototype Statera et al. Doesn’t sound impossible. EIC Detector Concepts 21 Stony Brook Magnetic Cloak N. Feege et al.

Discussion • Detector development for EIC is really just starting. • I just discussed one different way of thinking about the requirements of the EIC detector than has been done so far. • Probably there are many other ideas that should be brought up and discussed. －At the level of sub-detectors, detector technologies, etc. －But also at the detector concept level. • Availability of the 2 nd interaction point should be kept in mind. －A general detector with different philosophy? －Specialized detector(s)? • What are your ideas? • What is the best way to develop these ideas in the Users Group. －Working groups? How should they be organized? EIC Detector Concepts 22