Exploring Carbohydrates The Three Major Food Types The

Exploring Carbohydrates

The Three Major Food Types The three major food types are: 1. Carbohydrates 2. Proteins 3. Fats

Why do we need different food types? • The body needs different amounts of each of the three food types for energy, growth and repair.

Other Nutrients • Along with carbohydrates, fats and proteins, the body also needs nutrients from vitamins, minerals and water.

Carbohydrates • Carbohydrates are a major source of energy for the body. • They occur in two main forms: A. Sugars B. Starches

Types of Sugars Monosaccharide: Glucose, Fructose, Galactose Commonly known as simple sugars Only glucose can be immediately used by body, the others have to be digested before they can be used for energy Disaccharides: Maltose, Sucrose, Lactose

How can you test for the presence of sugar in foods? • To test for the presence of sugar in foods, we will use a chemical called Benedicts Solution. No sugar: Benedicts solution remains light blue. Sugar: Benedicts solution will turn anywhere in color from a light green to a deep red, depending on concentration

How can you test for the presence of Starches? To test for the presence of starch, we will use Lugol solution. If starch is present, Lugol solution will turn a dark blue or black

Starches are also known as polysaccharides. These are long chains of sugars, chemically bonded. They are found in legumes, grains, and root vegetables. They must be broken down into simple sugars before they can be absorbed and used by the body.

Assignment Read the article, “Nutrients: You Can’t Just Live Without Them. Pages 20 – 22. Get 7 pieces of paper and fold them in half, book style. Label the outside “The Six Major Nutrients”. At the top of each individual page, put one of the six major nutrients. Your pages should be labeled as follows:

Assignment Carbohydrates Fats Proteins Vitamins Minerals Water

Assignment For each of the six major nutrients, record the following information: 1. What does the body use the nutrient for? Make sure to list ALL the ways the nutrient is used. 2. List at least three major foods you would get that nutrient from. For water, tell some natural resources for water. 3. Record any other important facts from the article about the nutrient.

EXAMPLE: Carbohydrates are used for fuel. There are two kinds of carbohydrates, sugars and starches. Sugars are in a more simple form than starches. The simple sugar, glucose, is the body’s first choice for fuel Starches are complex carbohydrates and can’t be immediately used by the body.

EXAMPLE: Carbohydrates • Carbohydrates are found in foods like pasta, bread or rice. • When your body takes in too many starches, it is stored in your muscles and liver, as a substance called glycogen. • Extra sugar is turned into fat, which is also stored.

Example: Carbohydrates Another important carbohydrate is fiber. Fiber can’t be digested, but it is important because it provides bulk that helps move food through the intestines. Fiber is found in fruits, whole grain breads and cereals and in a plant’s cell walls.