Exploring Biological Anthropology The Essentials 3 rd Edition
Exploring Biological Anthropology: The Essentials, 3 rd Edition CRAIG STANFORD JOHN S. ALLEN SUSAN C. ANTÓN Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Chapter 8 Primate Behavior Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Studying Primates Captive study Semi-free-ranging environment Field study Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
The Evolution of Primate Social Behavior • Proximate causes: hormonal or physiological reason to act • Deeper, evolved strategies: shaped over millions of years of natural and sexual selection Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
The Evolution of Primate Social Behavior (cont’d) • Social Behavior and Reproductive Asymmetry Female philopatry Male philopatry Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
The Evolution of Primate Social Behavior (cont’d) • Male Reproductive Strategies – Dominance • Female Reproductive Strategies – Dominance – Sexual Receptivity signals Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Why are Nonhuman Primates Social? • The Paradox of Sociality – Access to Mates – Food – Avoiding Predators Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Why are Nonhuman Primates Social? (cont’d) • Types of Nonhuman Primate Societies – Solitary – Monogamy – Polygyny • One-male • Multimale – Fission-Fusion Polygyny – Polyandry Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
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