Exploring and Classifying Life Chapter 1 IN List

Exploring and Classifying Life Chapter 1

IN List the 6 steps of the Scientific Method

Scientific Method 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. State the problem Gather information Form a hypothesis Perform an experiment Analyze data Draw conclusions

~Reading Check~ Is it possible to form a hypothesis without first making observations?

NO A hypothesis is formed from OBSERVATIONS!

In How are OBSERVATIONS and INFERENCES different?

Define the follow Control: is the standard to which the outcome of a test is compared (the cat with deodorant cat litter). Variable: is something in an experiment that can change (cat without deodorant cat litter), but only ONE variable per experiment.

Theory • Scientific Theory: is an explanation of things or events based on scientific knowledge that is the result of many observations and experiments.

Law • A scientific law is a statement about how things work in nature that seems to be true all the time.

~Scientific Units~ International system of Units or SI Length-Meter Volume-Liter Mass-Gram The U. S. is the only industrialized country that has not officially adopted SI

SAFETY FIRST! What is the purpose of safety symbols? Each safety symbol alerts experimenters to a potential danger associated with a particular situation.

Out • What SI unit would you use to measure the length of your classroom, how much milk you drank at lunch, and the mass of your Social Studies book?

• In- What characteristics do an icicle and a plant share? How can you tell that the plant is living and the icicle is not? • Out- Using a bird as an example, explain how it has all the traits of living things. 1. Uses energy 2. Is made of cells 3. Reproduces 4. Responds 5. Grow & Develop

IN- Why use scientific names vs. common names to identify animals? OUT- What does it mean to do my best and forget the rest?

Section 2 -Living Things • OBJECTIVE: How do you distinguish between living and nonliving things? • Goal: To be able to identify the 5 things that most organisms need to survive.

What is an Organism? • • • Organism The 5 characteristics of an organism Any living thing is called an organism 1. Uses energy 2. Is made of cells 3. Reproduces Are you an organism? Give 4. examples for each of the 5 characteristics 5. for yourself. Responds Grow & Develop

How are living things classified? • Classification systems 1. ___Aristotle______ classified organisms more than 2, 000 years ago. 2. Carolus Linnaeus introduced a system based on __structure__ of organisms. 3. Modern systems based on phylogeny- the _ evolutionary history _ of an organism.

How do we classify today? • Today’s classification system separates organisms in 2 Domains and 6 ___ _Kingdoms____. • Domains-Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic • Kingdoms are the first and __largest___ category. • The smallest classification category is a _____species__. • Organisms that belong to the same species can mate and produce _fertile offspring___.

Classification Categories • What are the categories of classification? • • Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

Human Classification • How are humans classified? • • Kingdom- Animalia Phylum- Chordata Class- Mammalia Order- Primates Family- Hominidae Genus- Homo Species- Sapiens

Scientific Names • Binomial nomenclature - two-word system used by Linnaeus to name species 1. First word identifies the __Genus_, or group of similar species. 2. Second word tells something about the species—what it looks like, where it is found, or _who discovered it___.

Classification • Why use scientific names • Tools for identifying organisms 1. To ____avoid mistakes____ 2. To show that organisms in the same genus are ___related___ 3. To give ___descriptive info__ 4. To allow information to be ____organized____easily 1. _______Field guide_____-descriptions and illustrations of organisms 2. Dichotomous keysdetailed _____list______ of identifying characteristics

In • Bird Classification: Overhead

Classification Big Idea #1 Plants vs. Animals • Plants- use sunlight to make their own food. • Animals-consume energyrich foods. • Some kinds of organisms, many of them microscopic, cannot be neatly classified as either plants or animals

Big Idea #2 Interconnected global food webs 1. Water 2. Land 3. Almost all food energy comes originally from sunlight Microscopic Ocean Plants Animals that feed on them & Land Plants Animals that Feed on those animals

Big Idea 3 & 4 • Internal Structure vs. • External Features • Species • In classifying organism, biologists consider details of internal and external structures to be more important than behavior or general appearance. • For sexually reproducing organisms, a species comprises all organisms that can mate with one another to produce fertile offspring.

Out • Spend the last 8 -10 minutes to review p. 32 Chapter 1 Study Guide: 1. What is Science? 2. Living Things 3. How are living things classified?

In Section 4 -Quiz 1. 2. 3. 4. The evolutionary history of an organism is known as a) phylogeny b) nomenclature c) hereditary A classification system commonly used today groups organisms in six _______. a) domains b) homes c) kingdoms d) species What does the first word of a Latin name identify? a) species b) genus c) family d) order A ____ key is a detailed list of identifying characteristics that includes scientific names. a) domains b) guide c) dichotomous d) interactive

Through • Dichotomous Key-Classifying States Handout & Atlas • Classify everyday objects & how scientists classify living things (worksheet)

Out • When review for a quiz, how can you study smarter and not harder?

In • Assessment transparency –ch. 1 using the scientific method & experiment (seeds)

Through • Assessment: Clicker quiz-participation grade • Logic Problem#4 -Tabby Cat (OH)

Out • How did you do & why?

In • Dichotomous Key p. 19”Big Cats”

Through • Current events-Earthweek • Read answer questions using Costa’s levels of questioning

Out • Why don’t scientists use common names to identify animals?

What do living things need to survive? A Place to Live & Raw Materials