Exploration Expansion Voyages of Discovery Voyages to Discovery

Exploration & Expansion Voyages of Discovery

Voyages to Discovery • What caused the Age of Exploration? 1. Renaissance = spirit of discovery 2. Search for wealth • People want to find a faster way to India to get trade goods 3. Advances in Technology • Three G’s: Gold, God, & Glory

Routes to India • Sail east around Africa • (New Idea) Sail west…Opps New World

New Technology • Explorers needed to calculate their location with a… • Compass • Astrolabe • Developed by Muslim Empires

New Technology Cont… • Explorers needed a ship that can hold large cargos and withstand heavy waves… • Caravel- was a light, fast sailing ship • Steered with rudder • Triangular Sails • Equipped with cannons

Portuguese Explorers • Portugal’s Kings were patrons of the explorers… Henry the Navigator- ultimate goal was to find a water route around Africa to India. • Portuguese 1. Bartolomeu Dias (map on next slide) • First European to attempt to sail around the southern tip of Africa “Cape of Good Hope”

Portuguese Explorers Cont… 2. Vasco de Gama • First to make it to Clicut, India and back to Portugal!

Portuguese Explorers Cont… 3. Pedro Cabral • Second trip to India! • Sailed to Brazil and Indonesia! • Lucrative trading posts

Spanish Explorers • King Ferdinand Queen Isabella helped finance certain voyages! 1. Christopher Columbus (1492) • Columbus sails west to get to India…inventive idea but flawed because the Americas are in the way! • Sails to Caribbean Islands • Finds “Indians” and he believes he found new route to India!

Columbus’ Route

Spanish Explorers Cont. . 2. Amerigo Vespucci • First to realize that Columbus found a “New World”, Americas named after him.

Spanish Explorers Cont… 3. Vasco Nunez de Balboa • Tried to find passage at Isthmus of Panama. • Spanish realize there’s another ocean to cross to get to India. • First to reach Pacific Ocean from New World • Panama Canal today!!!

Spanish Explorers Cont… 4. Ferdinand Magellan • Sails west to sail AROUND WORLD! Circumnavigate- sail completely around the world. • • Left with 250 men, and returns with only 18 (Minus Magellan, he dies during voyage)

English Explorers • English 1. John Cabot, sailed to Canada

English Explorers Cont… 2. Sir Francis Drake, sailed to southern tip of South America and stopped over in modern day California. • #2 to circumnavigate the world.

English Explorers Cont… 3. Henry Hudson • Tried to find Northwest Passage, but found ice instead. Not the last time we’ll see Hudson.

French Explorers • French 1. Jacques Cartier (1534 – 1535) • Sailed into the St. Lawrence River in Canada “New France” or Newfoundland • Fur Trade is very profitable.

Dutch Explorers • Dutch 1. Henry Hudson (Again, but for different country) • Explored Hudson Bay region, in search of Northwest Passage

Henry’s search for the Northwest Passage

Explorers find new ways to make new routes… • • Can’t Go Over It. Can’t Go Under It. Can’t Go Around It. Got to Go Through It.

Making Contact! • The beginning of conquest and colonies occurs when explorers get off their ships in search of riches and land to claim for country! • Cortes (Aztec Empire) • Pizarro (Inca Empire) • REMEMBER • 3 G’s: God, Gold, & Glory

That’s All Folks