Exploration and Expansion Chapter 13 1 Motives and
- Slides: 30
Exploration and Expansion Chapter 13 -1
Motives and Means �“God, Glory, and Gold” �What does this phrase mean to you? How does this relate to the Age of Exploration? �Reasons for Exploration �“fascinated by exotic East” �Ottoman Turks conquer Constantinople (changed to Istanbul) �Economic Expansion �Spice Trade �Religious Zeal �“to give light to those who were in darkness, and to grow rich, as all men desire to do” �“introduce the holy Catholic faith”
Geography Skills �Open to page 431 �Look at the map and answer the two questions in your notes
A Race for Riches �Portuguese and Spanish explorers take the lead in discovering new lands �Portugal-traveled southward along west African Coast �Spain-traveled west toward the Americas
Portuguese and Spanish Explorers �Open to page 432 �Use the organizer to understand the key people, dates, and areas for exploration.
Spanish Empire �Conquistadors: individuals whose firearms, organizational skills, and determination made them successful conquerors of the New World
Aztec Civilization Destroyed �Aztecs rule much of Central Mexico �Most local officials accepted rule of king in Tenochtitlan �Hernan Cortes: 1519 led a Spanish force from Veracruz to Tenochtitlan �Made alliances with city-states tired of Aztec rule �Montezuma: Aztec monarch who welcomed the Spanish �Tensions rise, Montezuma becomes captive, revolt pushes Spanish out �Disease starts killing populations �Spanish return with force �Conquest of the Aztec Empire
History and Arts �Open up to page 434 �Read the document and look at the illustration �Answer the two questions in your notes.
Conquest of the Inca �Inca Empire control area in central Andes �Francisco Pizarro: 1530 landed on South American coast �Landed with only 180 men �Gunpowder, steel weapons, and horses give advantage �Disease strikes local villages �King dies of illness �Sons fight for power �Spanish take control of situation and march on Cuzco �By 1535 new capital at Lima created new colony of the Spanish Empire
Encomienda �Encomienda: grant by the Spanish government to a settler in the Americas to use Native Americans as laborers �Supposed to protect natives (largely not the case) �Populations in Americas dwindling �Forced Labor, Starvation, and Disease �Catholic monks convert masses �Religion, language, culture, and government adopted �Natives and Spanish married and had families �Colonists establish plantations and ranches �Sugar, cotton, vanilla, livestock,
The Columbian Exchange �Columbian Exchange: the exchange of plants and animals between Europe and the Americas �transformed the economic activity in both worlds �Population exploded
Turning Point �Open to page 436 �Read about the Columbian Exchange �Answer the questions which relate
European Rivals � English and Dutch begin competing with the Spanish and Portuguese �Dutch East India Company � English Colonize �Virginia �Massachusetts Bay Colony �Takes control of New Netherlands � Dutch Colonize �New Netherlands � Mouth of the Hudson River to Albany, NY � French Colonize �New France � Canada � Hudson Bay � Louisiana � Renames it New York
Section 1 Review �Complete the Section Review �Complete the Questions 1 -7
Atlantic Slave Trade 13 -2
Essential Question �How did the slave trade impact the economic, political, and societal landscape as colonies emerged? How does this relate to the interactions of people, cultures, and ideas? Explain �Write down what you know about the slave trade.
Atlantic Slave Trade �Open to page 438 �Read about the slave trade �Complete the Graphic Organizer �This will be due tomorrow 3/13/2015
Colonial Latin America
Crash Course �https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=HQPA 5 o. Npf. M 4
Colonial Empires in Latin America �What was the purpose of the Treaty of Tordesillas? How did this impact colonial Latin America?
Geography Skills �Open to page 445 in your textbook �Please analyze the map �Answer the two questions which relate to Location and Region
Social Classes of Latin America �European Colonies imitate their mother countries culture and social structure based upon privilege. �Peninsulares: Spanish/Portuguese officials who were born in Europe �Creoles: descendants of Europeans but born in Latin America, controlled land businesses. (deeply resented peninsulares) �Mestizos: Children of Native Americans and Europeans �Mulattoes: Children of African and Europeans
Economic Foundations �Spanish/Portuguese wealth based upon resource extraction �Gold �Silver �Lumber �How might this impact the areas within Latin America? How will this impact the nations taking these resources? �Encomienda System still in place �Use of Native American labor for European settlers �Mita: a draft of Native Americans, in Peru, to mine for silver �Trade Essential! �Sugar, Tobacco, Diamonds, and Animals �Forced Natives to rely on mother country for Manufactured goods.
Infographics: Primary Source �Please open to page 446 �Read about the document on the Encomienda System �Answer the DBQ’s on Summarizing and Comparing
Church and State Church �Christianize native population State �Hard to govern land so far away! �Colonial officials have a �Jesuits, Franciscans, Dominicans �Natives brought to “missions” �Taught trades �Converted �Cathedrals, hospitals, orphanages, and schools lot of freedom �Portugal asserts authority �Mid 16 th century �Viceroy: governor general �Loose control of local governors below him
Homework �Please complete the worksheet on the Encomienda System �Be prepared to discuss this on Friday! �Also complete the enrichment activity 13 on the back �Read about the perspective of Europeans on the New World �Answer all questions
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